tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-67170876398957687752024-03-08T04:53:12.524-08:00Writing an argument paperJulissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-68701341965167506792020-08-26T03:35:00.001-07:002020-08-26T03:35:07.459-07:00Organization Learning and Development EssayHierarchical execution relies on HR, information and abilities of representatives. Association learning and improvement decide in general accomplishment of authoritative execution and market position of an organization or firm. Changes happened in innovation, showcasing, and various administration procedures, some of which are worried about human issues. The vast majority of the progressions are made in a somewhat incoherent or piecemeal way. Following Revans (1980) learning in an association must be more prominent than or equivalent to the pace of progress in the earth. The methodology rising today is to utilize the developing assemblage of thoughts and deliberate idea to consider innovatory thoughts on association and to receive an increasingly efficient comprehenâ ¬sive glance at issues, with the goal that we take a gander at the entire as opposed to seeing separate parts. In present day condition, people have a great deal of opportunity, aside from specific laws of society, however when they join an association their opportunity is confined and their exertion must be gotten together with those of others to accomplish authoritative objectives through learning and advancement rehearses. Change can't happen if workers don't have adequate information and aptitudes vital for new authoritative condition. Following Argyris (1977) ââ¬Å"organizational learning as the procedure of recognition and adjustment of errorsâ⬠In his view associations learn through people going about as specialists for themâ⬠(refered to Malhotra 1996). For this situation, hierarchical learning turns into a change operator for the association. Following Polanyi, Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995) recognize two kinds of information, ââ¬Å"tacit knowledgeâ⬠and ââ¬Å"explicit knowledgeâ⬠, which impact authoritative learning and improvement. Workers need to obtain implied information and unequivocal information so as to meet individual and business objectives. Some administraâ ¬tive contraption is required through which administrative authority is worked out. Accordingly a progressive system is shaped which issues strategy articulations to guarantee any circumspection that people may have in their work is practiced in the soul or disposition of the association. Without implicit and unequivocal information, an association can't meet quickly evolving condition. This prerequisite is to some degree, in spite of the fact that not solely, subordinate upon the first. The degree of contribution of workers in the learning procedure will be essentially considerable. For the advancement of new plans to be fruitful a serious extent of reconciliation is required between completely concerned (e. g. building, creation the board and showcasing). Associations that are too unbendingly organized may discover mix of every single vital action extremely troublesome (Armstrong 2001). Scratch Bontis et al (2002) states that stock and stream of information influence three level in associations: individual, group and hierarchical. Direct business needs, which have been recognized from the investigation of the authoritative circumstance may best be met to some degree by some type of preparing which falls down the association. Determination in such cases is probably going to be on an expansive premise, in light of the fact that the judgment has just been made that the vast majority need this preparation. Despite the fact that there may be conversation with line directors, especially on who ought to go to first, choice ulâ ¬timately ought to be a focal choice, and ought to be necessary (Senior, 2001). Following Flood (1999) information and learning permit representatives to be better situated in association and allow them to endure and flourish in various conditions. Revans (1980) is correct expressing that learning in an association must be more noteworthy than the pace of progress since learning and advancement open new open doors for associations and permit the staff to meet the measures set down: diligence and extraordinary individual want to ace this information. Then again, information grows such significant aptitudes as the capacity to dissect and combine data about the clanking condition. In this circumstance, representatives consider widespread ideas and experience of others attempting to illuminate his/her life issues or attempting to discover answer for these difficulties (Schuler 1998). Without new information, workers rely on their own background and are restricted by partialities and life scope. Learning develops human inventiveness and encourages it to thrive. Authoritative learning and advancement help to make new viable information based on the current one creation representatives liberated from old innovations and perspectives on their friends. Following Weick (1991): ââ¬Å"organizations are not worked to learn. Rather, they are examples of means-closes relations intentionally intended to make a similar routine reaction to various upgrades, an example which is contradictory to learning in the conventional senseâ⬠(refered to Malhotra 1996). Without authoritative learning and advancement, associations couldn't profit by outside universes relying upon their restricted world recognition. Opportunity of decision is the principle need given by instruction and information. They can pick without information however their decision would be incidental and can't ensure the best answer for the difficult you are confronted with. Hierarchical learning and advancement help associations to connect with the general public and others which likewise a key to opportunity (Mayo 1998). In the book ââ¬Å"The Fifth Disciplineâ⬠, Senge (1995) clarifies authoritative turn of events and execution through framework hypothesis. Associations are influenced by condition and have a structure which has both formal and casual components. The investigation of structure will cover how exercises are assembled, the quantity of levels in the chain of command, the degree to which authority is decentralized to divisions and units, and the connections that exist between various units and capacities. Senge states that frameworks thinking strategy encourages associations to change their exercises and become a learning association (Organizational Learning and Information Systems 2007). Five controls incorporate ââ¬Å"building shared vision, mental models, group learning, individual dominance, frameworks thinkingâ⬠(Senge 1995, p. 56). These standards are urgent in light of the fact that these components permit associations adjust to evolving conditions. In this way, without dynamic learning and improvement associations won't have the option to contend available and adjust changes. Learning procedure ought to be prier to change. Remembering the need to adopt an experimental and unexpected strategy to sorting out, as proposed over, the point of learning could be characterized as being to upgrade the courses of action for directing the issues. ââ¬Å"A frameworks direction is prove through regular language delivering feeling that energizes more prominent interdependency in this way considering cross-utilitarian reasoning and capacities to be brought into a beneficial wholeâ⬠(Barker, Camarata, 1998, p. 4). To do this, it is essential, to the extent conditions permit, to: explain the general motivations behind learning â⬠the key pushes that administer what it does and how it capacities; characterize as unequivocally as conceivable the key exercises required to accomplish that reason; bunch these exercises sensibly together to maintain a strategic distance from pointless cover or duplicaâ ¬tion. Following Goh (1998) ââ¬Å"Learning associations support these practices as well as have instruments or frameworks that permit them to occur. Some portion of this information move includes taking in fruitful practices from different associations and contenders as wellâ⬠(p. 5). As Katz and Kahn (1964) composed: ââ¬ËSystems hypothesis is essentially worried about probâ ¬lems of relationship, of structure and of association. Thus, there is an impressive accentuation on the idea of exchanges across limits â⬠between the framework and its condition and between the various pieces of the systemâ⬠(Katz and Kahn, 1964, p. 48). As indicated by this hypothesis, all associations make them learn and improvement which impact advertise position and inventive way to deal with execution. Structures fuse a system of jobs and connections and are there to help during the time spent guaranteeing that aggregate exertion is expressly sorted out to accomplish indicated closes (Mayo 1998). Most workers require a lot of training to make proficient abilities and information. Associations are consistently reliant upon and affected by their surroundings. The essential trait of authoritative learning is that it changes contributions to yields inside its condition. The segments of authoritative learning incorporate the importation of vitality, the throughput, and the frameworks as cycle parts of associations (McNamara 2007). Authoritative learning and advancement incorporate key hierarchical procedures â⬠an organizationââ¬â¢s ââ¬Ëtaskââ¬â¢ condition incorporates providers, markets and contenders; the more extensive condition incorporates factors, for example, open mentalities, financial and political frameworks, laws and so forth; representatives and other substantial resources â⬠individuals, plant, and hardware; formal authoritative prerequisites â⬠frameworks intended to direct the activities of workers (and machines); the social framework â⬠culture (qualities and standards) and connections between workers as far as force, association and trust; innovation â⬠the significant methods individuals use while occupied with hierarchical procedures and that are modified into machines; the prevailing alliance â⬠the goals, techniques, individual attributes and inside connections of the individuals who administer the association all in all and control its essential strategy making (Reed 2001). In the event that associations can't set up their staff to a coming change, they will be unavoidably deserted. Revans is correct expressing that learning in a ââ¬Ëorganization must be more prominent than or equivalent to the pace of progress in the environmentââ¬â¢ in light of the fact that associations rely on the learning and advancement as Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-75063631543580345792020-08-22T06:49:00.001-07:002020-08-22T06:49:28.138-07:00Business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 20Business law - Essay Example It is appropriate in a business situation in which the gathering are capable met up and the gathering esteems a relationship that they have delighted in. A model is the situation wherein one gathering to an agreement has penetrated terms of an agreement. The gatherings can meet up with the point of reproducing the agreement or finding an appropriate solution for the harmed party. The exchange procedure will include the components of the Bloomââ¬â¢s Taxonomy as the gatherings think about accessible other options. The gatherings will recollect terms of the agreement and purposes behind the penetrate so as to comprehend their positions. They would then be able to utilize the data to produce potential arrangements. An assessment of the potential arrangements would then be able to illuminate the partiesââ¬â¢ choice into plan of a cure or an assortment of solutions for the question. In executing the Bloomââ¬â¢s scientific classification in arrangement, the gathering can arrive at an answer that is adequate to them two and one that can continue their current relationship (Miller and Jentz 75; Overbaugh and Schultz 1). Intercession is another type of elective contest goals framework that parties in a business domain can utilize. The strategy includes the job of an outsider that attempts to unite the gatherings so as to arrive at an answer. The gathering is consistently nonpartisan to the contest and doesn't force any answer for the gatherings. The outsider may anyway propose arrangements and attempt to illuminate the clashing gatherings of the advantages of the arrangement. The gatherings to the contention anyway save the ability to settle on a choice on whether to determine the contention or not and the answer for acknowledge. Uncalled for business practice, for example, extorting promotion, is a case of a circumstance wherein intercession can be utilized. In the event that, the gatherings may have a strained between business relationship that makes it difficult for them to meet up and concur. An outsider can anyway unite them and help them to ponder the issue and comprehend its root Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-83890359899940462802020-08-13T16:05:00.001-07:002020-08-13T16:05:03.067-07:00Marketing 101 Marketing 101 âIt was the best of times. It was the worst of times.â â" Charles DickensThere is something compelling about a well-written opening line. It draws the reader in and entices them to ignore the ringing telephone, disregard the piles of laundry that need to be attended to, forget about the meeting that is scheduled for the morning. Often, the true test of a storyâs worth can be seen when the reader reaches the last page and reacts in alarm at having no more pages to turn, no other source of information about the characters that they have been getting to know. Storytelling is powerful: it can propel a person to action, enlighten the readers and inform the audience about a topic. Entrepreneurs who wish to maximize their marketing efforts can learn a few lessons from beloved authors. © Shutterstock.com | witittorn onkhawTo begin a marketing campaign of storytelling, you must 1) understand the definition of marketing storytelling, 2) know why storytelling works, 3) learn how to craft a storytelling strategy, 4) know how to evaluate the success of a campaign, and, 5) be able to identify successful storytelling brands.MARKETING STORYTELLING: THE DEFINITIONStorytelling is the process of making a connection with the customer first, and selling a product second. This method of marketing is contrary to most advertising programs, and often seems more like a creative writing program than a marketing strategy. Through skillful writing, however, a story is created that not only connects with customers; it establishes the company as a trusted resource. Properly done, the story is the primary focus and the product takes a backseat to the journey the story provides. A customer makes an emotional connection with the story, and the message is considered genuine. Interestingly, even though the customer is aware that the story is being used to ultimately sell something, they are still more inclined to purchase based on the connection they made through the story.How can storytelling relate to marketing?Knowing which type of story to tell is an important feature in using storytelling as a marketing tool. Storytelling comes in a variety of forms; the trick is in knowing which one is best suited to meet the needs of your marketing strategy.One of the primary storytelling forms is the educational story. Using your marketing efforts to educate consumers provides your company with the opportunity to establish a trusted reputation as a source of valuable information. Educational storytelling can incorporate factual information about topics related to your business, use simple stories to communicate difficult concepts and use illustrations to demonstrate services.Capitalizing on the current news of the day is another way to weave storytelling into your marketing str ategy. Finding ways to tie current news stories into relevant pieces of information that will affect your customers is a smart way to use storytelling. Will new legislation affect how your business works? Does the new zoning plan change the type of business in a certain section of the city?Client stories are another type of storytelling that can be a powerful marketing tool. As you develop a relationship with clients, you have opportunity to learn their stories â" how they use your services or products, how youâve helped them. Ask for permission to use their story, and then add it to your promotional materials. Use their success as an opportunity to showcase how you were able to help, letting potential customers know that youâll do the same for them.There are powerful stories that have been passed down through generations. These classic tales are often used as a means to communicate a deeper truth: slow and steady wins the race, you can do more than you think, you canât pleas e everyone, believe in yourself, for example. Using classic stories as a storytelling technique can be a powerful method of relating to your customers. Through recognizable stories, your customers will feel a connection to the company and be more inclined to purchase from you.Customers who are looking for relevance and connection in their own lives are more likely to buy from a company that fills those basic needs. Sharing personal stories is one of the most powerful forms of storytelling because it demonstrates a level of transparency and vulnerability from the company. By allowing customers to see first-hand the tragedies and triumphs youâve experienced, it cultivates trust and reliability, strengthening your relationship with them.Marketing Storytelling: Tell Effective Marketing Stories WHY STORYTELLING WORKSStories define the very essence of human life. Through stories, important lessons are shared, common values are identified and messages are communicated. Compelling stories create connections between people. When someone relates a story that you can identify with, even if you donât know that person, you begin to feel a connection. The personal connection created by storytelling communicates authentic human experiences. Without using specific narrative, customers can identify ways that using a product or service benefits and enhances their life and are motivated to replicate the scenario in their own life.Through the power of the internet, the global marketplace is growing. This creates opportunity for businesses to expand into new cultures, which can present new challenges for reaching the target market. Through the use of storytelling, however, a company can tap into the global themes that affect every culture and people group. Themes like family, love, friendship, overcoming challenges and others are common to every nation. Crafting stories that highlight these themes is a highly effective means of creating connections. These connections help to u nite people in a global community. With the rising number of companies that are competing for the new global marketplace, it can be harder to set a company apart. The use of storytelling gives companies an edge and helps their voice to be heard over the crowd.Relating to a customer through storytelling allows the company to use the personal interaction to change attitudes about products or services. Stories can provide customers with a new perspective on a company, giving them the opportunity to evaluate products from a new angle. Even if they previously had no interaction with a company, a compelling story can give the customer the incentive they need to become more engaged with the company.CRAFTING A STORYTELLING MARKETING STRATEGYOnce youâve decided to create a storytelling strategy, what are the steps you should take? What are the criteria for creating a compelling storytelling marketing campaign? By taking a few lessons from writers who have successfully crafted their marketi ng stories, any company can begin an effective campaign.Use truthThis may seem contradictory, when considering the creation of a storytelling campaign, but truth is essential in the marketing strategy. The story must include elements of reality, and that reality must be centered on the products or services that are offered. Even if the characters are fictional, the attributes of the product should be truthful and reliable. Successful stories must be consistent, show persistence, and exercise restraint. The stories should avoid confusion â" they must stay true to the company ideals. If a company promotes healthy living, their marketing story should include that message. If the goal of the company is to encourage communication, the storyline should contain themes that support the goal.Create personalityStorytelling is not an advertisement or marketing pitch. It should create a persona that is identifiable with the companyâs values, and be relatable to the customer. While it is not necessary to create a fictional character (Allstateâs Mayhem character is an example of this), it is important to include a character that drives the storyline. The character should be crafted to create an emotional connection with the audience, compelling them to take action.The storyline marketing campaign should follow a traditional story with a beginning, middle, and end.A story should begin with an introduction to the characters and setting. Conflicts and problems are introduced in the middle, and the resolution should be clear in the end. The story arc is important for customers to be able to follow and identify with, and instill the desire to share the story with others.Cliffhangers are equal parts exciting and aggravating.For the reader, getting to the end of a story with unresolved conflicts can be nerve wracking, especially when there is a delay before the next installment of the story is released. Generating that same level of excitement in a marketing campaign through storytelling can create compelling connections with customers. Leaving your customers (audience) with the feeling of wanting more is done through hooks in the storyline. Using teasers, âComing soonâ and other interest building techniques, your company can keep interest in the product and draw customers back repeatedly.Storytelling (The Power of Telling Stories) EVALUATING SUCCESSEvery marketing strategy must be evaluated for success. Without recognizable benchmarks, the process of storytelling can seem labor intensive and costly, for questionable results. How can a storytelling campaign be evaluated?Media attentionWhen a storyline is successful, it will begin to draw attention from media outlets. One of the primary indicators of success is that other people begin talking about what your company is talking about. A conversation that begins with âDid you see that new commercial?â or in other ways indicates that the storyline is moving into the everyday life of individuals is a sure sign that the marketing campaign is working.Media notoriety is not a sure-fire solution to generating sales, but it does help to generate interest in your product and company. Storytelling creates quality content, which creates better customer interactions. Those interactions can then spread through word of mouth, other social media tools and customer referrals, turning one storytelling campaign into a self-driving machine that continues to bring customer attention, even when the campaign is over.ROI (Return on Investment)Generating a buzz around a marketing campaign is exciting but ineffective if the audience doesnât move into a new role as a customer. A simple poll of customers âHave you seen our new ad? What did you think?â is an easy way to gather feedback regarding the storytelling campaign. Tracking the impact of the campaign on profits can be difficult. However, a marked difference in sales before a campaign started and after the campaign launched can be a clear i ndication that storytelling is working. Through social media tools in combination with other marketing forms it is possible to determine the extent of your campaignâs reach and develop a good sense of the success of the strategy.Recently, at a conference about global impact, the CEO of Levi Strauss (the jeans company) made an off-hand remark about the fact that his jeans (that he was wearing at the time) had never been washed in a washing machine. He went on to explain that machine washing wasnât ideal for the proper care of jeans, and that jeans didnât need washing as frequently as many people think. His statement became a manifesto and it went viral almost overnight. Suddenly, Leviâs had a story, and a compelling one, at that. They generated a marketing strategy about the company position on water-usage reduction, capitalized on the media attention already focused on the story and are promoting their jeans (as well as sustainability) on a different scale than ever before.T he mystery of storytelling: Julian Friedmann at TEDxEaling SUCCESSFUL STORYTELLING BRANDSSome of the worldâs most successful brands have used storytelling marketing strategies for years. There is no standard industry â" storytelling works for not-for-profit organizations as well as it does for-profit businesses. The only criterion is the presence of an audience, and a call to action that the customer can act on. Regardless of the product or service, creating a storyline that can be used to connect with the audience is one of the most effective marketing methods available. Investigating successful storytelling companies can give insight into how to put a storytelling strategy to work for your company.ApplePerhaps most noticeable about Appleâs marketing strategy is the lack of storytelling. Appleâs campaigns focus on one thing: their products. So, how did Apple land the number one spot on Marketingweekâs brand ranking research? Simple. Apple created a story that puts the cons umer as the main character. Apple generates ad campaigns about people using their products in new, exciting and creative ways, and allows the audience to imagine themselves in the middle of the ad. Through Appleâs sense of company brand (innovative technology that changes the way people live), the ads show a multitude of ways that people can use their products in their everyday life. This form of storytelling is difficult to emulate and can backfire when not used consistently. Apple has effectively established itself as a storytelling master â" leaving other companies to follow along in their wake and hope to catch up. McDonaldâsMcDonaldâs has long mastered the art of storytelling. Through their development of characters that eat at the restaurant for lunch, friends who bring each other dinner or share laughs over breakfast, McDonaldâs has held a spot in the top five storytelling marketing campaigns. As a global company, they have successfully tied into the themes that affe ct the world, and have capitalized on their storytelling campaigns. Coca-ColaCoca-Cola recently unveiled a new initiative to promote its storytelling strategy. Through the use of multi-media approaches, they have created a story about friendship. Friends share laughter, events and memories, as well as a bottle of specially labelled Coca-cola products for âFriendâ. Their bottle naming campaign is another method of bringing the global community together â" everyone loves to have something personalized â" why not your bottle of soda? Macmillan Cancer SupportBy using personal stories to draw interest in their non-profit organization, Macmillan Cancer Support is using storytelling to bring attention to the reality of cancer. Allowing the audience to share their own stories and anecdotal accounts provides a connection to the charity that often translates into donations. This non-profit organization has repeatedly outranked for-profit companies in their storytelling, a compelling rea son to understand the power of the personal story and harness it for your company. Incorporating storytelling into a marketing strategy provides another means of reaching potential customers. The truest forms of storytelling marketing are evidenced by the campaigns that leave the audience with strong emotional reaction. The commercials that bring viewers to tears, the print ads that are breathtaking, and the radio commercials that cause riotous laughter â" storytelling is powerful and effective and can be used to generate customer connections and sales. Not only is storytelling better marketing, it is meaningful content that creates an authentic view of your company. Putting the âpower of the penâ to work for your company can bring long-lasting rewards, giving you a stronger profit margin and more effective communication with your customers. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-23571561397001917562020-05-23T23:25:00.001-07:002020-05-23T23:25:09.486-07:00Management Information System - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 524 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/09/14 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT OF LONG RANGE PLANS OF MIS INTRODUCTION Any kind of business calls for long range plans for success, the same being true for MIS. The plan for development and its implementation is a basic necessity for MIS. In MIS the information is recognised as a major resource like capital, time and capacity. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Management Information System" essay for you Create order We need an MIS system flexible enough to deal with the changing information needs of the organisation. Hence an ideal MIS system is an open system which interacts with the outside business environment and provides necessary required information. Hence designing of such systems is a complex task . It can only be achieved through MIS planning. The plan of MIS is concurrent to the business plan of the organisation. This is because the implementation of the business plan is based on the information provided by MIS. To ensure such an alignment possibility, its necessary that the business plan-strategic or otherwise, states the information needs. Long range MIS plan provides direction for the development of the systems, and provides a basis for achieving the specific targets or tasks against a time frame. CONTENTS OF THE MIS PLAN (IN THE CONTEXT OF MIS PLAN IS LINKED TO BUSINESS PLAN) )MIS GOALS AND OBJECTIVES It is necessary to develop the goals and objectives which will support the business goals. The MIS goals and objectives will consider management philosophy, policy constraints, business risks, internal and external environment of the organisation and the business. 2)STRATEGY FOR THE PLAN ACHIEVEMENT a)Development strategy- An online, a batch, a real time b)System development strategy- Any approach to the system development-operational versus fucctional; Accounting versus Analysis; Database versus Conventional approach; Distributed versus Decentralised rocessing; One datsbase versus Multiple datsbases SSAD vs OOT. c)Resource for system development: in-house versus external, customized development versus the use of packages. d)Manpower composition: Analyst, programmer skills and know-how 3)THE ARCHITECTURE OF MIS The architecture of the MIS plan provides a system and subsystem structure and their input, output and linkages. It also provides a way to handle the systems or subsystems by the way of simplification, coupling, and decouplinf of subsystems. It spells out in detail the subsystems from the dats entry to processing, analysis to modelling and storage to printing. 4)THE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE A schedule is made for the development of the system. While preparing the schedule due consideration is given to the importance of the system in the overall information requirement. Due regard is also given to logical system development. For example, it is necessary to develop the accounting system first and then the analysis. 5)HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE PLAN Giving due regard to the technical and operational feasibility, the economics of investment is worked out. Then the plan of procurement is made after selecting the hardware and software. One can take the phased approach of investment starting from the lower configuration of hardware going over to higher as development takes place. The process is to match the technical decisions with the financial decisions. The system development schedule is linked with the information requirements which in turn, are linked with the goals and objectives of the business. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-25325062459787597982020-05-12T22:51:00.001-07:002020-05-12T22:51:03.241-07:00Teacher Pupil Education - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2551 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Education Essay Type Review Level High school Did you like this example? Review of literature This literature review looks at how teachers develop pupils through physical education using quality standards and which teaching styles are required? This review of literature will look at how the quality standards of teaching and support within PE can help pupils develop their talents. Teachers are required to develop pupils through using the quality standards of teaching as recommended by the government. Talent development within schools has been looked at in greater detail by the department of education and skills (DFES) in (2001) and (2002) and the Office for Standards in Education (OFSTED) (2003). Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Teacher Pupil Education" essay for you Create order The provision of schemes such as the PESSCL strategy and enrichment schemes can see if these help pupils develop within schools. The different types of teacher styles can also be an important factor to each individuals talent development. What is talent? Talent matters describes talented pupils who demonstrate high-level ability within a range of PE contexts, or have the potential to do so. www.talentmatters.org (Gagne 2000, p. 67) believes talent is, the superior mastery of systematically developed abilities (called competencies or talent) and knowledge in at least one field of human activity to a degree that places a childs achievement within at least the upper 10% of age peers who are actively in that field or fields Trackle et Cushion (2006, p. 267). Freeman (1998) goes on to mention that in defining Gifted and Talented pupils as those who either demonstrate exceptionally high level performanceà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦ or those whose potential for excellence has not yet been recognized Bailey et al, (2004 pp134). Every school has talented pupils these pupils once identified, require high quality teaching and support to help them fully realize their talents www.talentmatters.org. Within schools, teachers are the people resp onsible for developing talented pupils of which whom demonstrate high level ability within physical education. High quality talent development is characterized by identification and selection, teaching and supporting, professional development and policy www.talentmatters.org. This was considered an interest by the government as they believed that children that had great ability within physical education could be developed into sports players that may well compete at the highest level. The Department for Education and Skills (DFES, 2001) mentioned that the identification and development of children in schools is the foundation for future elite performance and international success (DCMS, 2000; Kirk Gorely, 2000). Bailey, Tan, Morley, (2004) also believe that the governments huge emphasis on the identification and development of talented pupils within schools will improve a pupils performance as well as giving them the best opportunity to perhaps progress through to the el ite level after their school education is complete. Office for Standards in Education, 2001 (OfSTED 2001) mentions that achievement criterion within schools should not just work with high ability children who are achieving through physical performance but those pupils who have the potential and make every effort to achieve. Freeman et al., (1998 pp137), mentions they should take a broader perspective, encompassing the potential to excel. Talent matters also mentioned that schools should recognize pupils who are currently achieving, underachieving or have the potential to achieve a high level ability. The problem also found here with talented pupils or pupils that may have the potential to excel is that the school can only identify a limited number of pupils who have talent. Bailey et al (2004). Bailey et al (2004), mentions that the flexible provision for gifted and talented pupils is limited to one third per year group which gives less opportunity for all pupils to deve lop. This is probably due to teachers not having the time to help every child progress and develop which affects pupils that have potential but wont be identified purely because of the time for identification to be observed. (Office for Standards in Education, 2001) can only identify approximately the same proportion of gifted and talented pupils each time within each year group although there could be a year group with more gifted children that cannot be identified by schools due to the proportion. Bailey et al (2004). This is why the government has tried to set a framework on the provision of school-based mainstream curricular identification and provision strategies which should develop talented pupils. Fisher, (1996); Beashel, (2002), found it unfortunate that evidence is showing a proportion of pupils excluded from activities, because not being given the opportunity or support to develop their selves which is why these new strategies and schemes should be put in place within schools to prevent any talented pupils being excluded. Government plans for provision of school-based mainstream curricular identification and provision strategies are put in place within schools so it can help teachers identify this talent and develop them to the elite level as mentioned by Kirk et al, (2000). Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) mention that schools systems and teachers need to consider the best way of identifying talent, which could be through assessing a pupils ability which can help keep tracks of their progress www.qca.org.uk. The quality standards is a measure of high quality practice in the identification, selection, teaching and support of talented pupils, as well as the professional development of teachers involved and associated school policy. A model was produced by the talent matters which showed abilities that were needed, to develop talent and how quality standards of identification and teacher support could produce t he best outcomes for pupils within physical education. Looking at appendix 1 shows the model of talent development, and if quality standards are met then it would help produce, Lifelong physical activity Rewarding PE experiences Elite sport performance Sport leadership www.talentmatters.org Research has shown that PE and school sport focuses its time on regular and frequent practice, therefore the activity should motivate everyone within the group to take part which will help top level performers progress quicker. www.qca.org.uk When talent has been identified it is important to give the pupils with talent the best support and high quality of teaching to fully develop their talents. www.talentmatters.org. High quality talent development is needed to be taken seriously as it can enhance an individuals learning, and achieve the outcomes bulleted above, but this can only be helped if the support and guidance is there from their teachers. It was found that pupils who are highly motivated to achieve and have excellent knowledge of activities but not the most skilful within performance, do gradually develop if the teacher has an open approach and gives the same support through a positive impact on the learning of all pupils as mentioned by www.talentmatters.org. Although it was found by (Hellison Templin, 1991; Bailey, 2002) that some pupils with great knowledge and understanding of PE were excluded as their talent doesnt shine through physical performance, which is not recognized by some teachers as talent (Hellison Templin, 1991; Bailey, 2002). This shows why there arent enough talented pupils as opportunity isnt available to all. Gifted and talented pupils need to be acknowledged for the different abilities they have and that specific development programmes should exist to suit their educational needs. Bailey et al (2006). (Doll-Tepper Scoretz, 2001), mention, Physical education can contribute to a wide range of recreational and career outcomes, and among the most important of these, we suggest, is lifelong physical activity Bailey et al (2006, p.215). The government invented the schemes below which offer the range of quality teaching, coaching and learning for talented pupils in order to raise the ir attainment, aspirations, motivation and self-esteem. High quality teaching and support involves positive working relationships between relevant internal and external groups www.talentmatters.org. PESSCL strategy EIC scheme Enrichment schemes A programme called Physical Education School Sport Club links (PESSCL) strategy was introduced to include all children in more sporting activities within school and out of school activities. This scheme was supported by Ãâà £459 million by the central government and was set up to ensure all pupils have the opportunity to participate in physical activity in and outside of school www.llrsport.co.uk. The main aim of the governments PESSCL strategy, enhance the take-up of sporting opportunities by five-to-sixteen-year-olds by increasing the percentage of school children who spend a minimum of two hours each week on high quality PE and school sport within and beyond the curriculum from 25% in 2002 to 75% in 2006 and 85% by 2008 www.llrsport.co.uk. PESSCL has seen a higher percentage of children are getting involved with PE and sport as better support and opportunity is available, and more talented pupils able to develop through high quality PE and sport at school. A 20 04/2005 school sports survey across most of England has shown that pupils have been spending at least two hours of time within high quality physical education lessons. This survey also mentions, the number of pupils identified as gifted and talented and receiving extra coaching in PE and sport has more than doubled to 106,100 from 44,400 last yearwww.llrsport.co.uk. The school sport survey showed the amount of children taking part in two hours of high quality PE was achieved a year early, which the new aim of the government is for each child to have access to five hours a week by 2012 www.youthsporttrust.org. This will have a great affect on children and should hopefully help teachers develop talented pupils through high quality teaching as there are extra hours of activity to look at more pupils. Montgomery, (2002), also found that sports based programmes often ignored pupils who are potentially talented, and are underachieving as a lack of opportunity and support isn t given which is why this extra curriculum sport will help develop talented pupils. The Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) mention that supporting talented pupils by giving opportunities can help develop their ability. The QCA mention that pupils should have the opportunity to practice, and their performance should be in context which considers their age, ability and size. www.qca.org.uk. Schools were found to have an inadequacy of existing educational procedures and provisions in which the UK government made sure that the schools were identifying and developing gifted and talented pupils as part of an Excellence in Cities (EiC) scheme (DFEE, 2000). Bailey et al, (2004). the excellence in Cities Scheme (EIC) this was introduced in march 1999 and had a strategy to raise education standards promoting education and partnership and disseminating good practice to the wide education community. Bailey et al (2004). The EIC scheme works closely with DFES and want to d evelop the quality of PE and sport Provision to ensure that pupils get the best opportunity to develop. Through the use of inclusion the government mentions that the needs of very able pupils are truly inclusive and can cater for the abilities within the whole group Bailey et al (2004 p. 135). Another way in which development of talented children can be helped is through enrichment programmes. This is common to provision and includes out of school opportunities. Enrichment can develop a childs knowledge within a subject area, and in different environments and situations. There is also opportunity for the talented pupils to be worked with by sports coaches in after school clubs Bailey et al (2006). The Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) mention the enrichment process and how knowledge can help a child develop within an activity at their pace of learning providing there is good support by a teacher. Broadening the range of pupils knowledge and experience by pr oviding different types of activity from within the same area of activity. For example, in gymnastic activities, talented pupils could use apparatus for rhythmic gymnastics rather than traditional apparatus; pupils learning basketball and netball could be given opportunities to use their knowledge and skills in handballwww.qca.org.uk. These activities require the teacher to use certain teacher styles to develop each pupil towards working at tasks at their own ability level. This is supported by Bailey et al (2006), who mentions that if teachers identify the right skills by supporting children through activities and having a focus on specific abilities so that each individual student gets assessed at their own level Bailey et al (2006 p.217). Teachers can support and develop each pupils ability through using appropriate teaching styles which is suitable to the lesson being taught. This enables each child to get the best learning and quality of teaching which is linked with Mosstons theory of teaching styles. Mosstons theory is how different teachers use their own personal preference to installing learning towards their pupils. Mosstons theory was originated in 1966 and was a detailed analysis of teaching styles and behaviours amongst teachers and student interactions www.sports-media.org. The spectrum established a framework of possible options in the relationship between teacher and learner (Mosston Ashworth, 1986) and was based on the central importance of decision making www.sports-media.org. The spectrum teaching styles was broken down into three areas; Pre impact, which teachers would need to consider preparation, learning objectives, organization and presentation before the practice commenced. Impact, which teachers would have to make decisions relating to the performance and execution of the activity. Post impact, which includes evaluation of performance and feedback to learner from teacher www.sports-media.org. The spectrum has ten styles of teaching where a teacher may be completely direct towards a lesson or where he/she can allow the student to have a role where more responsibility is needed to make decisions with the teacher just overlooking the lesson to make sure it is safe and to provide any feedback www.sports-media.org. The ten teaching styles are; Command- teacher makes all decisions Practice- students carry out teacher-prescribed tasks Reciprocal- students work in pairs; one performs, the other provides feedback. Self check- students assess their own performance against criteria Inclusion- teacher planned. Student monitor own work Guided discovery students solve teacher set movement problems. Divergent- students solve problems without assistance from the teacher. Individual- teacher determines content. Student plans the programme. Learner initiated- student plans own programme. Teacher is advisor. Self teaching- student takes full responsibility for the learning process. www.sports-media.org Teachers are responsible for identifying the talented children and using the best programme to suit their needs of learning and developing their abilities. Eyre, (1997) clarifies this as, a two-stage process in which talented students are recognized by teachers, after a programme of teaching or support is initiated Bailey et al (2006, p.216), in which these different types of teaching styles can help a child develop depending on what ability they are currently at. This is known as structured learning, which is either informal (that is, self-taught) or formal learning (such as taught within schools by a practitioner). Bailey et al (2006). Without any type of structured learning children will not benefit from an activities or have the opportunity to improve their ability. The more talented or higher ability pupil may require a programme to suit their own development where individual practice and provision to guidance of learning may be quicker f or them to develop. Conceptually, practice could be subsumed under the provision label, as it relates to informal or formal learning, but its vital importance for the development of talent is such that we suggest it warrants discrete consideration Bailey et al (2006 p.216). These all offer different options for a teacher to use depending on what accommodates the childrens needs and best ways of them developing through learning. It could also depend on which lesson was being taught as to which style of teaching would need to be used. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-19940844598239252602020-05-06T13:02:00.001-07:002020-05-06T13:02:45.912-07:00Science, Philosophy and Society Free Essays Subject: Science, Philosophy and Society Question: Do you know you are not in the Matrix, and does it matter? From my understanding, I am not live in a real life, I live in some kind of system such as Matrix Philosophers and physicists were discussed a lot about the matrix that we live in, so and they gave much more ideas about the computer simulation and a real life. From my point of view, we are absolutely live in the matrix, and the life is not real that we live. I think the world is somehow like a system and everything depends on one another. We will write a custom essay sample on Science, Philosophy and Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now And I have enough clear reasons and examples to prove that. So if we think carefully and logically, we can admit that the life we live in is not real. Why?Letââ¬â¢s think logically, about on the planet Earth that we live in. If the moon was just a little bit further or closer away from our planet how that would affect and change everything and if we were further closer to the sun how that would affect and change everything and how our body has these complex functions process oxygen and sunlight what it produces and we itââ¬â¢s so complicated. And how we create, so we have been created right everything that we create in our society starts with a thought by our brain. The world we live in feels normal and ordinary. It feels like this is just how humans exist and always existed. But its not. According to my understanding, our planet is going round its axis, and we can not live on the planet than from the planet Earth. We are protected by the layers of the sky, and we are given air and water for our lives, and we will do other important things for survive by ourselves. For example; we are creating different types of physical and intelligent techniques to make things physically easer, and we are contrive different kind of products to use; we cultivate different kinds of plans to eat. If we do not do these things, we can not possibly imagine our lives. So from my understanding, itââ¬â¢s just like a perfectly structured program, and weââ¬â¢ve got this perfectly structured program, we have to play for alive and we have programmed into this planet Earth. Maybe my ideas are wrong, but think carefully, that our brain and body is such a perfectly structured system. For example; if we smell, hear, eat, touch, or see anything, we can not say itââ¬â¢s all real because everything we fell that automatically will send signals to our basic system which is brain. So we can easily say it is somehow like a system. If we do not have a brain we can not feel at all. Take an example of the stomach, and this is very complex such as other organisms is works like a system. So single cell of the 10000 trillions cells in our body actually has its own intelligence, yes is it incredible but when we zoom it, we can see it like a universe.Furthermore, how do we know that anything is exists how do we know thereââ¬â¢s a world outside my mind I look around there a world of cars and tables and trees and buildings how do really that any of it is real I think none of them is real, so why? Because, many things that we see and the physical objects is not to show us the truth it is to hide the truth so that we do not have to deal with all that complexity and we have a little eye candy for our species that let us do what we need to do to stay alive. So we can see only outsides and we cannot see inside that things and as will as any kind of very little things. We can only see things simpler, but it will look totally different when we look at it with microscopic, closely-distinct, and distant proximity devices. For example, we cannot see bacteria floating in the air, so millions of different kinds of bacteria fly in the air we breathe. We cannot afford to see very small insects and neither plants. So I admire that everything that we see is not real. We see and feel this truth, but that does not mean we live in real life. We only see tenth of what we see around us, this mean we only see falsehood but not real.I believe that all people are created by Allah and live in a real life. And I want to say an example of a book created by God, the book is called Quran. If we take Islam from a religious point of view, if we see the Quran which is 1400yrs old, still mentions many facts which is we are not live in real life, for example we cannot see and feel any kind of the soul and the snouts, and this cannot be seen by human eyes, but animals can see it and also they can be seen on the camera images we are just living in a system that God has created, but we can see real life after we die. Some people may claim that the Quran was changed as new scientific facts were discovered. But this cannot be the case, because it is a historically documented fact that the Quran is preserved in it is original language. A Quran was written down and memorised by people during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad.Thank you for your time. How to cite Science, Philosophy and Society, Papers Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-76889961838261084282020-05-03T15:14:00.001-07:002020-05-03T15:14:02.950-07:00Jealousy And Mistaken Identity In Shakespeare Essay Example For Students Jealousy And Mistaken Identity In Shakespeare Essay Jealousyand Mistaken Identity in ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeares life is somewhatof a mystery to scholars due to the fact that most information that isknown is very scattered and sparse. No one knows the exact date ofShakespeares birth, but his baptism occurred on Wednesday, April 26, 1564. His father was John Shakespeare, a tanner, glover, dealer in grain, andtown official of Stratford. His mother, Mary, was the daughter ofRobert Arden, a prosperous gentleman-farmer. William Shakespeareand his family lived on Henley Street. A bond dated November 28, 1582 stated thatWilliam Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway entered into a marriage contract. The baptism of their eldest child, Susanna, took place in Stratford inMay of 1583. Hamnet and Judith, their twins were christened in thesame church one year and nine months later. In May of 1597, Shakespearepurchased a residential property in Stratford called New Place. Due to the fact that his father had suffered financial problems prior tothis date, it is assumed that Shakespeare must have achieved success byhimself. On March 25, 1616 William Shakespeare revised his last willand testament. He died on April 23, 1616. There are certainly many things in whichscholars cannot explain about the life of William Shakespeare, howeverthe facts that do exist are enough to identify him as a real person. He was a writer who, for the last three hundred years, has continued tobe a major influence on drama and poetry. Shakespeare wrote thirty-sevenplays that are all very unique in their style and subject matter. The themes vary anywhere from extreme jealousy to silly humor. Twomajor themes that are apparent in a lot of Shakespeares works are mistakenidentity and jealousy. The idea of mistaken identity as a plotdevice in comedies dates all the way back to the writers, Menander andPlautus, in the Greek and Roman times. Shakespeare borrowed thatdevice and used it to further his plots in his comedies. His artisticuse of mistaken identity is brilliantly used in many of his plays. In Shakespeares comedy, The Comedy ofErrors, mistaken identity is the sole story line of the play. Theidea of asking how one really knows who one is, is introduced, but theproblems that will occur between appearance and reality are not totallyrealized. As Shakespeare begins to write more about mistaken identity,his comic style using this ploy begins to develop more and more. In a very simple form, mistaken identityis shown in Twelfth Night. The twins are mistaken for each otherand this brings about a comic conflict throughout the play. Thissimple form of the plot device is extended when it becomes known that onetwin is actually a girl who would not normally be mistaken for her brother. This is a result because she has resorted to a disguise. Viola disguisingherself as Cessario is a beginning to the double meanings throughout thedialogue that Shakespeare uses as comedy within the playing of the words. When her twin brother, Sebastian, arrives her passive nature is mistakento be his and he is married to Olivia who thinks he is his disguised sister. As an audience member, part of the fun of mistaken identity is the soleenjoyment of trying to keep who is who straight and knowing something thatthe actors do not. Disguise is one of Shakespearesfavorite devices, found in many of his works. Through it he altersthe identity of an individual, which creates an elevated irony, a developedtheme, and an enhanced comic element to the story. In As You LikeIt, Shakespeare, by having characters in disguise, creates an outlet fornew ironies and comic twists throughout the work. The shepherdesswho is in love with the shepherd Ganymede who is really a girl (Rosalind)is one of the comic twists, as well as Orlando sharing feelings of loveto Ganymede who is really Orlandos love Rosalind in disguise. Onceagain the hidden and mistaken identity constructs this plot and furthersits comedy. The entire purpose of mistaken identity can only be accomplishedwhen a disguise is shown in the way to say and experience things in theone identity that can only be accomplished by the altar identity: thisis what composes the comedy within the words. For example, in MeasureFor Measure, the Duke uses disguise and mistaken identit y to reveal thetruth about Angelo, while simultaneously providing comic moments when Luciospeaks of the Duke to the Duke unaware of his true identity. .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa , .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa .postImageUrl , .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa , .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa:hover , .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa:visited , .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa:active { border:0!important; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa:active , .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue0413964d2387e67c81df8f0159f32fa:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Psychophysics EssayAnother re-occurring theme throughout Shakespearesplays is jealousy. Perhaps the most outstanding form appears in Othello. It is a classic story of boy meets girl and the jealous lover, only withan extremely tragic ending. Othello and Desdemona are in love witheach other. Iago, the antagonist, wants Desdemona for himself andis extremely jealous of Othello. He plots a scheme to make Othellobelieve that Desdemona was having an affair with Cassio. Withouteven asking Desdemona if it is true or not, Othello kills her by smotheringher. Then, after becoming cognizant of the truth, he kills himself. Jealousy is a hard subject to write and read about because it is an emotionof terror, meaning that it can be extremely dangerous in any situation. Jealousy can produce tragic denouements. Iago says in the play, Ohbeware, my lord, of jealousy. It is the green-eyed monster whichdoth mock the meat it feeds on. Perhaps the theme of Othello isthat it is wise to find out the truth before jumping to conclusions becausejealousy can eat away your heart. The theme of jealousy throughout Shakespearesplays is a great plot device because it is a very universal emotion, whereasmistaken identity is exactly the opposite; it is something we can lookat and know that it would never happen, therefore we laugh. Bothdevices are efficient and produce extremely different reactions. In A Midsummer Nights Dream the jealousy is very differently portrayedthan it is in Othello. Hermia and Lysander are in love, however Demetriusis in love with Hermia as well. Helena is in love with Demetriusand very admirable of Hermia. O, teach me how you look and withwhat art you sway the motion of Demetrius heart. The jealousy inthis play is in its simplest form. Helena is jealous of the lovethat Demetrius has for Hermia and wants his attention turned toward her. This type of jealousy is not even close to the extreme it was in Othello,however it produces the same reaction that it is a universal emotion. Helenas jealousy is more of an admiration, whereas Othello and Iagosjealousy is more of a desperation. Shakespeares use of the two literary devices,mistaken identity and jealousy, are only a suggestion of everything elsehe wrote about in his literature. They are elements within his worksthat reoccur and help in furthering the plot within the story. WilliamShakespeare wrote with many different approaches and about many differentsubjects. The devices he used within his literature are only an additionto the words Shakespeare wrote so beautifully. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-15527706124261150032020-03-26T17:00:00.001-07:002020-03-26T17:00:03.960-07:00How Do Environmental Changes Affect A Population Lab Essay ExampleHow Do Environmental Changes Affect A Population Lab Paper What role does genetics play in the variation seen in this leafhopper population? Hint: How does genetics allow for variation? When it comes to the variation seen in the leafhopper population, there are two traits that are determined by genetics. Those traits are the color of the leafhopper and their size. Natural selection would be if the environment favors either color or the size of a leafhopper over the other. 2. Note the results from the 20th enervation under global warming conditions. Before continuing with the 30th generation, predict the population composition of the 30th generation. Hint: include color and size. One possible prediction of the composition of the 30th generation of leafhopper is that most, if not all of the 30th generation will be smaller in size and darker in color. 3. What happened to the proportion of each type of leafhopper in subsequent generations under global warming conditions? Suggest a reason why the traits of the 30th generation make this population better adapted to its altered environment. Under global warming conditions, the size of the leafhopper became smaller over 30 generations (University of Phoenix, 2015). The decreased body size may have been a significant advantage in these warmer temperatures since the smaller body size helps them to regulate their body temperatures more easily. 4. Why would you expect a change in predators to cause a difference in the types of leafhopper being selected? A new predator in the area might cause a difference in the size and the color of future generations of leafhopper due to what the predator prefers in its diet along with possible hanged in the hunting strategies off new predator. We will write a custom essay sample on How Do Environmental Changes Affect A Population Lab specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How Do Environmental Changes Affect A Population Lab specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How Do Environmental Changes Affect A Population Lab specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A predator might prefer a certain size or color. 5. Note the differences between the parental, 10th, and 20th generations when the predator changed from a bird to a snake. What evidence supports the view that leafhopper size is not affected by a change in predators? In the 10th and 20th generations, the same number Of large and small leafhopper still exist (University of Phoenix, 2015). Since the numbers of each remain the same we can assume a change in the type of predator has not affected the size of the population. What happened to the proportion of each type (color) of leafhopper in subsequent generations when the predator changed from a bird to a snake? Suggest a reason why the traits predominant in the 30th generation make this population better adapted to the change in predators. The number of brown leafhopper increased with the number of black leafhopper decreased (University of Phoenix, 2015). One explanation could be that the snake is not able to see the brown leafhopper as well as it can the black ones. This would result in the loss of more black leafhopper. 7. Describe some human activities around your school/home/business that could have influenced the natural vegetation in the area. How did these activities affect the vegetation? There is a lot of open land where I live. Over the years I have noticed some of this land being cleared and leveled to make way for new homes and businesses. This not only affects the vegetation that grows in this area, but the wildlife, as well. 8. Notice the differences between the parental and the 30th generations. What happened to the proportion of each type of leafhopper when the vegetation hanged? Suggest a reason why the traits Of the 30th generation make this population better adapted to its altered environment. When the vegetation changes, so does the size and color of the 30th generation of leafhopper. Over the generations the population adapted by changing their body size to medium. The leafhopper are thriving with the change in vegetation due to not having to require as much for their own survival (University of Phoenix, 201 S). 9. Identify some major sources of pesticides in your area. What are the pesticides used for? Some of the major sources of pesticides in the area where I live are the farms in the surrounding area and homeowners. The farmers spray their crops to keep unwanted bugs and rodents away from the food that they are growing and individuals spray pesticides inside and outside of their homes to keep away bugs and dangerous insects. 10. What happened to the proportions of leafhopper in each subsequent generation when pesticides were added to the environment? Explain why all the leafhopper were not killed by the pesticide application. The average size of the leafhopper increased to the larger size while the majority changed color to mostly black (University of Phoenix, 2015). It is possible that some of the leafhopper had a gene that was passed down through the generations that was resistant to the pesticides being used. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-86440453787168988302020-03-06T18:51:00.001-08:002020-03-06T18:51:02.713-08:00The strategic role of the Royal British Navy in the First World War The WritePass JournalThe strategic role of the Royal British Navy in the First World War Introduction The strategic role of the Royal British Navy in the First World War ). Kitchener could not take any troops from the Western Front, so he turned to naval capacities for active involvement. As a result, the best location for action would be the tapered strip of water from the Mediterranean into the Sea of Marmara. The purpose and plan, masterminded by Winston Churchill, was to avoid the Turkish capital, First Lord of the Admiralty. Churchill created a complicated structure of a ââ¬Ëthird Allied frontââ¬â¢ which gave tremendous assistance to Russia. The Royal Naval Division, moreover, went on to form an important part of the Mediterranean Expeditionary force (MEF), was which also included the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC), the 29th Division (British Army) and the Royal Naval Division (RND) (Dupuy 1967). Responsibility for the division was given to General Sir Ian Hamilton, The marinesââ¬â¢ first conflict was in March 1915, where they targeted Turkish citadels and 22 individuals lost their lives while several others were injured. On 25 April the Plymouth Battalion with a group of 2nd South Wales Borderers landed on Y beach where a number of soldiers lost their lives (Churchill 1940). However, these successes were not without setbacks, and it should not be concluded that the Royal Navy was unequivocally of strategic value in these cases. There had been an early problem when the navy initially landed on 25 April and this had given Turkey chance of help to organize their defenses from Germany especially on top of cliffs that gave a direct view of the neighboring beaches and into the interior of the land (Dupuy 1967). On 28th April, the Chatham Battalion landed on the Anzac shoreline in order to safeguard a beach, and they stayed there until 12th May despite many deaths and casualties. On the 29th April, the Admiralty gave control of the Royal Navy Division to the British War office and it became the 63rd Royal Naval Division. The 63rd also had control of the RM training division located at Blanford (Herwig 1987).à During May and June, Royal Marines participated in warfare at the 2nd and 3rd Battles of Krithnia. Additionally, there was action at Achi Baba on the 12th June. The MEF held their initial position at Gallipoli to try and find a conclusion to the struggle (Herwig 1987). One point of important to note about this episode is that the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force (MEF), along with the Royal Navy, experienced various levels of difficulties and higher levels of casualties. This prompted MEFââ¬â¢s withdrawal from Gallipoli, moreover. Winston Churchillââ¬â¢s administration has received severe criticism for the large number of lives lost over this period, and it can reasonably be questioned whether such as campaign can be deemed of strategic value. One might even say it was a strategic folly in human terms; and as Osbourne (2004) points out, the fact that Churchill stepped down from the Admiralty as a result is damning. Following the activities of this period, more action then took place in the sea rather than on land. The Battle of Jutland was the largest wartime conflict that occurred at sea during World War I. The battle commenced on 31st May 1916 when Germany fired against the British Battle Cruiser regiments. Royal Marines proved their strategic value here, as they were involved in 10% of the most important naval attack on crafts (Osbourne 2004). This proportion comprised mainly RMA whose job during this time was to operate guns. As it got bigger, the battle looked like it was getting out of control. The next day, British demolisher vessels attacked and sunk the Pommern. However in total, the Germans lost 11 ships while the British lost 14 ships, which suggests strategic folly in numerical terms (Osbourne 2004). In May the same year, RMLI brigades arrived from Gallipoli and were repatriated to France where new resources and weapons were organised. In addition, they were given more manpower and upgraded weapons to machine guns.à In July, the RM Company was joined by companies called Howe and Anson the 188th Brigade of the re-titled 63rd RND (Herwig 1987). This group moved to a fairly quiet region of the Western Front. At this point, because of new weapons technology it was necessary to safeguard the line using three trench positions. Common Trench warfare was intended for use in heavy infantry but that was not commonly experienced through the commando tactics of RMLI (Friedman 2011). These battalions became a vital element to the Battle of Ancre Heights near Beaumont Hill. There were financial implications for this battle, as well as many casualties. On 17th April 1917 the 1st and 2nd regiments participated in armed combat at Miraumant and also during the 2nd Battle of the Scarpe later tha t month. During this armed effort, troops from the 63rd Division took over captured Gavrelle, led by General C. Lawrie.à Immediately afterward, the 63rd Division also participated in the Battle of Arleux (Friedman 2011). The RND marched to various regions including Arras and Ypres during the winter weather, carrying heavy army equipment. In Ypres, the battalions trained very hard to prepare for a key offensive on the German border, north of Ypres. When it happened, the attack would take the forces to the strategic location of the Paddebrek stream, in the north region of the canal (Randier 2006). Because of significant losses earlier that year the 1st and 2nd RMLI contingents joined together to increase their masses numbers. However, at this point, there were some signs that the war was moving towards an end and the Germans begun realizing that their momentum begun to slow down. Finally, on 8th August the British put into place their counter plan to impact on German troops, disturbing all levels of hierarchy in the army, including the German High Command. This appeared to be a possible chance for victory, although it is vital to point out that victory was not guaranteed. On 2nd to 3rd September 1918, the 1st and 3rd Armies fought at the Battle of Drocourt-Queant, alongside the 63rd (RN) division in the Third army (Morison 1942). On 27th September to 1st October 1918, the 1st and 3rd Armies also engaged in combat at the Battle of the Canal du Nord. During this time, the 63rd RN group was once again a component of the third Army (Stephenson 2011; Osbourne 2004). As has emerged through this essay, the strategic value of the Royal Navy was mixed. Many historians viewed Gallipoli as a catastrophic tragedy, facilitated by confusing tactics and problems that allowed the enemy to prepare for the attack (Stephenson 2011).à However, despite awful circumstances, the Marines still managed several successes demonstrating that they were a significant force on the ground in the capacity of infantry.à Many of the experiences acquired by soldiers in World War I were valuable resources that were applied again in the experiences they would go through in WWII (Stephenson 2011). This essay has detailed the many triumphs of the Royal Navy; however, of them all the Zeebruge campaign was arguably the most important in strategic terms (Koerver 2010). After dealing with frightful conditions and dreadful weather, the Marines still managed to carry out their responsibilities and sabotage the canal (Stephenson 2011). Their accomplishments led to an unintentional benefit of giving a confidence boost and momentum for all British soldiers involved in the conflict in other places (Knight 2006). As a final, but by no means insignificant point, the importance of the Royal Navy as a blockading force deserves a mention. The efforts of the marines and the navy kept Germany surrounded, creating barrier to many trade routes and ports, causing starvation and eventually defeat. This contributed to higher levels of bankruptcy, as Germany exhausted its finances trying to keep up with Britain (Stephenson 2011; Osbourne 2004). In conclusion, is clear that the Royal Navy was an indispensible strategic tool during WWI. It had the capacity to fight effectively in different environments and landscapes, as has been outlined in the narrative sections of this essay. It was also useful in observing and introducing a wide range of tactics, strategies, and military equipment to Britain, which helped to evolve many modern aspects of warfare that are still with us today (Knight 2006). Its versatility on land and sea, moreover, which has been outlined throughout this essay in description of campaigns, was enormously useful. à In concrete terms, the most essential raids that consolidated included Antwerp, Mesopotamia, Gallipoli, and Zeebruge, all of which involved the Royal Navy. Of course, it certainly had its shortcomings, and some of its failures and blunders have been discussed. However, this is an inevitable part of the operations of any force. In the end, while the Germans lost the war for a wide range of reason s, the impact of the British Royal Navy was certainly one of them; it was undoubtedly of great strategic value. Reference List à Benbow, Tà Naval Warfare 1914-1918: From Coronel to the Atlantic and Zeebrugge. (Newbury: Amber Books Ltd, 2011) Churchill, W The Second World War. Vol. 2, Their Finest Hour ( Houghton Mifflin Company, 1949) Dupuy, T. N.à The Military History of World War I: naval and overseas war, 1916-1918. (New York: Franklin Watts, 1967) Friedman, N., Naval Weapons of World War One: Guns, Torpedoes, Mines, and ASW Weapons of All Nations: An Illustrated Directory (UK: Naval Institute Press 2011). Grove, E. Vanguard to Trident, (London: Naval Institute Press/The Bodley Head, 1987) Halpern, P.à A Naval History of World War I. The Standard Scholarly Survey. (Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1994) Koerver, H. J. German Submarine Warfare 1914 1918 in the Eyes of British Intelligence, (Reinisch: LIS 2010) Herwig, H. H. Luxury Fleet: The Imperial German Navy,1888-1918. (Oxon: Routledge, 1987) Joll, R. Jackspeak. (UK: Maritime Books, 2000) Will Knight, UK unveils plans for a new submarine fleet. New Scientist (Environment) 2006, McMillan, M. The War That Ended Peace: The Road to 1914à à (London: Profile Books Ltd, 2013) Morison, E. Admiral Sims and the Modern American Navy. (UK: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1942) Osbourne, E. W. Britains Economic Blockade of Germany, 1914ââ¬â1919. (London and New York: Routledge 2004). Randier, J. La Royale: Lhistoire illustrà ©e de la Marine Nationale Franà §aise. (Brest: Ãâ°ditions de la Cità ©, 2006) Stephenson, D. With our backs to the wall: Victory and defeat in 1918. (UK: Penguin, 2011) Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-92119417564271754302020-02-19T10:18:00.001-08:002020-02-19T10:18:03.086-08:00Aspects of Communication & Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsAspects of Communication & Culture - Essay Example 63). Other people such as Stahl (2011, p. 1) and Goldkuhl (2003), among others, have different theories. This essay is an analysis of a telephone conversation between Michael and Prinze, based on communication analysisââ¬â¢ theoretical concepts and features of communication. Michael and Prinzeââ¬â¢s Profile and their Background This is a telephone conversation between two close friends; Michael in his early fifties and Prinze in his late forties. One of the participants (Prinze) was observed throughout the recording for body language and gestures. These two interlocutors have known each other for more than ten years and share similar back grounds and interests. Also both interlocutors were born and have spent most of their lives in East London although their cultural and ethnic backgrounds are very different; Prinze is an English speaking cockney born and raised in London with a Pakistani parentage, whilst Michael is a native English speaking cockney. Each conversant is calling from the comfort of their home and from different towns; Mohammed lives in Luton and Michael in East London. Michael is recovering after a shoulder operation, whilst Prinze has just got home after a walk in the park. Both the interlocutors had not spoken or seen each other for more than a couple of months, but there had been regular communication between them by text messaging (SMS). The purpose of the call from Prinze to Michael was to get an update on how Michael was doing and also to discover if he had received the forwarded mail Prinze had sent him earlier. A transcription of the conversation between the two is given in the Appendix. Analysis Based On Theories and Main Communication Features Theories There are different theories of communication and theoretical concepts used in communication analysis. Just as noted Different authors have different views about these theories. Stahl has described nine categories of communication theories as listed by Little John (1999); cyberneti cs, semiotics, conversational analysis, message reception, socio-cultural approach, message production, symbolic interaction, phenomenological hermeneutics and critical theory (2011, p. 1). Littlejohn and Foss have eight theories; all described in the introduction (2007, p. 63). Goldkuhl (2003), on the other hand, considers the theories in the Language Action Perspective. The author notes that there are two theoretical concepts of communication representation approaches that are within the named perspective. These are; that there are predefined patterns in which communication is always organized as found in conversational analysis, and that language use can be considered as action as found in speech act theory (Goldkuhl, 2003, p. 51). In this case, two of the theoretical concepts will be explained with reference to Prinze and Michaelââ¬â¢s conversation. These are; conversational analysis and speech act theory. Conversational Analysis It is the systemic analysis of human talk-in-i nteractions (Hutchby & Wooffitt, 2008). Conversational analysisââ¬â¢ theoretical concept is based on the view that conversations have predesigned structures. According to Psathas, telephone conversations open with a caller, who in this case, knows whoever he/she is calling. This is then followed by a response from the recipient who may know the caller or not. If the recipient does not know the caller, the next response will be Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-87927233164443094462020-02-04T07:29:00.001-08:002020-02-04T07:29:02.592-08:00Interview Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsInterview Reflection - Essay Example As a teacher, I am no longer a mere instructor. I am also a counselor to the students who will help them become well-rounded individuals of society. Another important point which struck me in the interview is the realization that a teacherââ¬â¢s job is never easy. A teacher is challenged by the differences of his students. He will have to adjust his teaching style especially if he has students with special needs. He must be able to attend to the average kids and yet not neglect the needs of the special children. It is not easy because the teacher has to modify his teaching style to address the special concerns and be fair to all his students in class. The knowledge of content is very essential in my role as a teacher. Before I teach the subject, I must have ample time to prepare. I must be really knowledgeable on the subject matter so as not to misinform my students. Regular meetings with other teachers who teach the same subject in the same grade level is necessary to have a standardized lesson plan. It also doubles up as a support group for us teachers. Any problems which we encounter can be better resolved if we have discussion forums. The knowledge of the role of a school is something which every teacher must put in mind. As teachers, we should realize that a school is an important institution of society. It is in the school where a child is prepared for their future roles in society. It is the institution which lays the foundation which the child needs to be a responsible citizen of the country. As such, the government should allot a huge budget in the improvement of the educational system of the nation. The school must be able to provide the students with updated textbooks and educational materials through the appropriate funding from the government. If the government fails to give ample funds to schools, they cannot expect the schools to produce students who are at par with the Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-24798956427283923932020-01-27T03:53:00.001-08:002020-01-27T03:53:02.499-08:00Impact of technology and science on International relationsImpact of technology and science on International relations Impact of technology and science on International relations Introduction: Science, technology and international affairs influence one another. The impacts of science and technology on international affairs, particularly those of communication and information technologies, are especially penetrating. The interactive effects of science, technology and international affairs are so crucial and extensive that the area needs to be identified as an autonomous sub-control. Its current position as a comparatively abstruse theory, to be charged to experts and kept more or less obscured from the principal body of international relations, is a threatening solecism. These impacts may be categorized as handling through one of four main mechanisms: (1) Altering the building of the international system: its structure, its main constructing theories, and the relations among its factors. (2) Altering the operations by which the international system employs, incorporating administration, diplomacy, war, commerce, finance, trade, policy formation, communications, and the assembling of intelligence; (3) Developing new issue regions, trade-offs and new constraints in the constructing environment of foreign policy, an expression which incorporates not only political constraints on international operations, but also constraints imposed by the laws of natural and social science; and (4) Contributing a source of adjusted realizations, of data and clarity for the operation of the international system architecture, and of new theories and schemes for international relations theory. Aim: The major intention of this project proposal is to carry out the factors that influenced on international relations based on technology and science. And how have significant elements in international affairs evolved as they interact with technological change. Objectives: To understand the project needs, it required collecting the background information through literature survey on international relations and it associated issues. To collect the back ground knowledge on technology and science, required to consider case studies. To make research, need to prepare a frame work with proper research methodology and approach. To critically evaluate the survey results and observations in literature study through discussion and analysis. Research questions: What are the critical factors that need to consider for project international relations when technology and science is the primary concern? What is the significant role of technology and science towards international relations get strengthen? Literature review: Taylor (2004), faces that technological creativity has a great impact on international affairs or relations. Yet, he specifies, international relations intellectuals in common have contributed small amount to the effect of science and technology. International Relations in different nations: According to Eugene B. Skolnikoff, the startling changes in world affairs that began in late 1980ââ¬â¢s signaled the end of many of the central elements of postwar international relationships. Momentous and unexpected events in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union occurred at a breathtaking pace, with a spontaneity that tended to obscure the underlying currents that had unleashed them. Many forces were at work in those societies over decades, culminating in dramatic upheaval in essentially all countries of the former eastern bloc. The influence of technological change in the disintegration of communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union is but one manifestation of a much longer story in which the results of science and technology have contributed to a profound evolution of the details and substance of national and international affairs. The effects are visible not only in the outcome of the communist experiment but in the countless alterations in the relationships within and among nations and peoples. And that influence is likely to continue to be significant long into the future as the nations of the world remain strongly committed of supporting research. The evidence for the role of science and technology in the evolution of international affairs is pervasive, and most easily seen through dramatic developments that have led global consequences such as the deployment of massive strategic nuclear forces, the nuclear accident at Chernobyl, foreign currency transactions on computerized financial markets in excess of $500 billion per day, or the total eradication of the scourge of smallpox. Relationship between Science technology and international relations: The relationship between international relations and science and technology is not only a result of result of recent advances in science and technology, though the breadth of interaction and the rapidity of change are relatively modern characteristics. The historical examples are countless, ranging from weapons developments that altered the fate of nations and social structures, to industrial technologies that were the basis of revolutions in economy and wealth, to new capabilities in science and technology themselves that led to astonishing discoveries and applications. It was not only the physical developments of technology that had an impact; underlying concepts of science and of the natural world were crucial as well. The intellectual currents of the enlightenment, so much a product of the new ideas of experiment and rationality that accompanied the scientific revolution, served to stimulate massive forces for change in the west. Today, given the scale and organization of the scientific and technological enterprises, science and technology have become arguably the most powerful and persistent factors lending to societal change and, necessarily, to change in international relations. The accelerated commitment of resources and development (r/d) during and after World War II has transformed the relatively haphazard climate of invention and scientific research of earlier centuries. There is now in place a formidable and growing capacity, a system for targeting human integrity toward the rapid expansion of knowledge and the production of new technologies designed to serve perceived or speculative needs. Not only do the products of this system have significant international effects, but itââ¬â¢s very operation leads to international consequences and favors the creation of global markets for its products and for surprising portion of the system, international goals provide the underlying motivation for the commit ment of r/d resources by governments and even by industry. Technical aspects of international relations: The subjects with international consequences that have been massively affected by technological change in recent years are familiar; weapons, communications. The economy, transportation, agriculture, health, space, and others; few, if any, aspects of international affairs have been untouched by science and technology. The effects of the application of technology are so widespread, in fact, and often of such obvious importance in the conduct and evolution of relations among nations, that it is routine for commentators to lapse into florid rhetoric in describing the resulting dramatic change in the international political system. Secretary of George P. Shultz said in December 1987, ââ¬Å"Developments in science and social organization are altering the world profoundly- too profoundly for conventional habits of thinking to grasp. History suggests that mankind rarely understands revolutionary change at the time it is coming about.â⬠W. Michael Blumenthal, Secretary of the Treasury under President Carter said in his 1987 Elihu Root lectures at the council on Foreign Relations in New York, ââ¬Å"I believe there is one circumstance which overshadows all else and has set the current period apart: unprecedented, deep and continual technological changeâ⬠¦extraordinarily rapid technological change has thrust upon us yet unresolved problems of governance in the national and international spheres. For all that the relationship appears to be self-evident; the extent even of the surface changes in international politics stemming from science and technology proves to be quite difficult to characterize with precision or to assess satisfactorily. It is not hard to draw up lists enumerating international political issues that are affected by technological change, but it is very much more demanding to understand the complexity of the interactions and their more profound consequences for international relations. That understanding is necessary not only to capture the relationship for analytical purposes, but also to assess the true extent of the evolution in international relations and to be able to anticipate, and possibly influence, the future directions and implications of change. It is that understanding of the complexity of the interaction and of the consequences for international affairs that we hope to achieve in this inquiry. Theories of international relations: Curiously, though there have been innumerable policy studies dealing with the effects of technological change in specific policy areas and a small number of works that attempt to look across the board at important policy areas, the subject is largely unexplored from the deeper perspective of the overall effects of science and technology on the evolution of international affairs. It is curious because of the evident centrality of the relationship, whether or not there is agreement on its ultimate significance. Even scholars concerned with theoretical issues in international relations tend to create science and technology as static givens or as emanating from impenetrable black boxes. One of the purposes of this study will be not only to fill this lacuna in the subject as a whole, but along the way to provide a basis for considering science and technology more appropriately in policy or theoretical analyses as the interactive, dynamic variables they are in reality. There is much obviously much in the theoretical literature on international relations that is pertinent and that would illuminate the issues we will be discussing. It would be possible, in fact, to structure along the lines of the debates among theorists. For example, according to differing views of the role of the state or of state or international organizations, both of which have been, and will continue to be, much affected by scientific and technological change. The idea of sovereignty, appearing often in both theoretical and policy terms, does require brief discussion, however, for it is a central element in the nation-state system and is repeatedly cited as having been eroded or at least greatly altered in meaning by technological change. It might easily be assumed that it would figure as an organizing theme in a study concerned with the impact of science and technology on evolution of international relations. The concept is generally thought by theorists, statesmen, and the public at large as fundamental attribute of nations, what Stephen Krasner calls ââ¬Å"the constructive principle of the existing international systemâ⬠. Methodology: As this project is mainly towards the qualitative research work and which extracts the information analysis from ground level. In this project data analysis point of view, primary data collection is considered where it is with the metric point and literature survey is considered towards the qualitative research part. Qualitative is chosen for project scope area where it deals with the amount of data collection which is not come true with quantitative. Corbin, A. S. a. J. (1998) Researcher want to collect the data from recent articles as well as recent publishers reviews and for primary data collection, he want to choose from different level of people in IT organization like project manager, employee and top level management. So it will be very helpful to analyze the particular point in multidimensional view. It will be more helpful for this research analysis. I had some reference in Indian IT companies, with that I want to go for primary data collection by taking the interviews (Yin, R. (1989)). Data collection is considered as primary and secondary resources. In secondary point, data is being collected in indirect manner where resource will be like books, articles, journals and internet resources (Easterby-smith, R. T. a. A. L. (2002). Primary data collection is the process of finding the data collection from real domain experts by taking the interviews and questionnaire. Then make a comparison study between primary data collection and secondary then make analysis according to the researcher choice with proper evolution. As this project deals the research area of qualitative where there is a lot of scope in mine the knowledge about project task. Interviews are conducted in semi structured pattern where the interview is frame with defined set of questions which is towards the objectives. The most common approach to studying the interaction of science and technology with international relations views the relationship in the context of specific policy areas, typically in relation to pressing policy concerns. A limited number of studies have taken a somewhat broader canvas using a variety of specific policy implications of science and technology as a way of illustrating the growth and change in the matter of international politics and the new relationships and institutions that have been created. These studies have been useful with respect to specific policy implications of developments in science and technology, but they are less satisfactory for our goal of understanding the broader and more fundamental interactions of science and technology with the international political system, and how that system is affected by the continued advance of science and technology. Our primary purpose is not to produce a definitive or quantitative measure of system change; the task would be difficult and the result ultimately arbitrary. Rather, we will explore the nature of the interactions between technological and social factors that lead to evolutionary change, identify the direction and patterns of that change, and record its characteristics. Our focus, accordingly, will be on the patterns of evolution of important elements of international relations as a result of the impact with science and technology. We will consider change in system characteristics or concepts to constitute a definitive transformation only when it is ambiguous. Analysis: The complete project is mainly concerned about the international relations with respect to the technology and science. Now a days, completely world relayed on globalization issues where technology plays vital role in all the fields of development as well as service oriented industries. According to the aim of this project proposal, it must be focused on technology relevant domains as well as current positions with respect to the fields of operations. Even here it required to consider the change management factors according to the change occurred in one sector. So change management plays crucial role in international relations when technology and science came in the primary concern. Researcher point of view, this domain brings very helpful information and prediction policies towards the international relations. For this kind of research, primary data collection is essential where the interpretation is mandatory with respect secondary data which gathered through literature survey. For primary data collection point of view, it considered personal interviews to the professionals in technology end who are worked for research and development sectors. For that researcher is considered information technology field which always keep on upgrading with their technologies and shows much impact on international relations and associated tools. According to the researcher, this research is much towards the real world, so it should be useful for improvement of international relations. Schedule plan and timetable: According to the researcher, this project takes around 90 days of time where the initial stage is completely depends on the requirement analysis of project. Then it will consider the significant study of literature associated with project domains. Then it is required to choose proper research methodology and primary data collection from real domain like surveys and personal interviews. Finally researcher will come to produce the key findings of results with proper frame work also conclusion where all the research work is done under supervision of my project coordinator. References: Cultural Impact on International Relations 2002 (Chinese Philosophical Studies). Edition. Council for Research in Values. Committee on Japan, 1997. Maximizing U.S. Interests in Science and Technology Relations with Japan (Compass Series). Edition. National Academies Press. John R. De La Mothe, 2002. Science, Technology and Global Governance (Science, Technology, and the International Political Economy Series). 0 Edition. Routledge. 2001. International Relations and Global Climate Change (Global Environmental Accord: Strategies for Sustainability and Institutional Innovation). 1st Edition. The MIT Press. Beverly Crawford, 1993. Economic Vulnerability in International Relations: East- West Trade, Investment, and Finance. Edition. Columbia University Press. MIT Political Science: Graduate Studies Fields of Study. 2014. MIT Political Science: Graduate Studies Fields of Study. [ONLINE] Available at: http://web.mit.edu/polisci/graduate/core.html. [Accessed 19 March 2014]. JSTOR: An Error Occurred Setting Your User Cookie. 2014. JSTOR: An Error Occurred Setting Your User Cookie. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/20026535?uid=3738256uid=2480264703uid=2uid=3uid=60sid=21103798658603. [Accessed 19 March 2014]. What is the Impact of Science and Technology (NUCLEAR WEAPONS) Upon International Relations?. 2014. What is the Impact of Science and Technology (NUCLEAR WEAPONS) Upon International Relations?. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.preservearticles.com/201106208251/what-is-the-impact-of-science-and-technology-nuclear-weapons-upon-international-relations.html. [Accessed 19 March 2014]. GT Catalog : International Affairs : MS International Affairs. 2014. GT Catalog : International Affairs : MS International Affairs. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.catalog.gatech.edu/colleges/cola/inta/grad/phdintast.php. [Accessed 19 March 2014]. 20th-century international relations (politics) :: Science and technology in wartime Encyclopedia Britannica. 2014. 20th-century international relations (politics) :: Science and technology in wartime Encyclopedia Britannica. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/291225/20th-century-international-relations/32912/Science-and-technology-in-wartime. [Accessed 19 March 2014]. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-41119920745495818492020-01-19T00:16:00.001-08:002020-01-19T00:16:04.415-08:00African American Women in Hollywood EssayIn early film many African American actresses portrayed roles as mammies, slaves, seductresses, and maids. These roles suppressed them not allowing them to show their true talents. Although they had to take on these degrading roles, they still performed with dignity, elegance, grace and style. They paved the way for many actresses to follow both blacks and whites. These women showed the film industry that they were more than slaves, mammies, and maids. These beautiful actresses showed the film industry that they are able to hold lead parts and even carry the whole cast if need be. Phenomenal actresses such as Hattie McDaniels, Pearl Bailey, Ethel Waters, Nina Mae McKinney, and Dorothy Dandridge, to name a few, are African-American stars who paved the way for so many African-American actresses today despite the hardships that they were faced with. These women displayed beauty, intellect and talent, which allowed the stars that followed that they do not have to just settle for stereotypical roles. In early film there was much propaganda and even today, which lead to these demeaning roles that they had to betray, Professor Carol. Penney of Yale-New Haven writes, ââ¬Å"Film is one of the most influential means of communication and a powerful medium of propaganda. Race and representation is central to the study of the black film actor, since the major studios reflected and reinforced the racism of their times. The depiction of blacks in Hollywood movies reinforced many of the prejudices of the white majority rather than objective reality, limiting black actors to stereotypical rolesâ⬠(1). Hattie McDaniels, a trailblazer amongst African-American film, acquired many firsts for African-American actors. McDaniels was the first African-American to sing on the radio, first to receive an Oscar for best supporting actress in Gone with the Wind. She was also the first African-American to star in a sitcom in 1951 that featured an African-American actress in the title role (Pax 1). ââ¬Å"McDaniels appeared in more than three hundred films during the twenties and thirties. Her career was built on the ? Mammyââ¬â¢ image, a role she played with dignityâ⬠(Smith 7). She received much flack from the blacks because of the roles she played in film and on radio. Blacks felt that she was degrading the race but her reply was to these views were, ââ¬Å"Hell Iââ¬â¢d rather play a maid than be oneâ⬠(Encyclopedia of World Biography 406). After her acclaim role as Mammy in Gone With the Wind, McDaniels was never paid anything less than $31,000 for a performance. This was much for an African-American as well as a white entertainer. Even though she broke that barrier McDaniel was still oppressed by racism not only on film, but also off film. She was faced with racial legal problems when trying to acquire a home in Los Angeles. At that time there was a limited black land and home ownership right. Though she won the suite she still was subjected to racial hostility from her neighbors. McDaniels experience oppressions of many types during her career, but she continued to take the mammy roles but played them with dignity and respect. In spite of her being the mammy, McDaniels made sure that her characters had the ââ¬Å"upper handâ⬠. After McDaniels death the mammy roles died with her. Pearl Bailey, the ââ¬Å"Ambassador of Loveâ⬠career took off on Washingtonââ¬â¢s U street at the age of fifteen years of age. She started off as a singer and appeared in many nightclubs. In the mid-30ââ¬â¢s she performed with the Noble Sissleââ¬â¢s Band in the Village Vanguard and Blue Angel Club. In the 40ââ¬â¢s she was the lead singer for Count Basie, Cab Calloway and Cootie Williams. She debuted on Broadway in St. Louis Blue; she won honors for as Broadwayââ¬â¢s best newcomer. After her debut on Broadway films she performed in Variety Girl, Isnââ¬â¢t It Romantic, Carmen Jones, and Porgy and Bess. ââ¬Å"In 1967 she won a Tony Award for heading the all-black cast of Hello Dolly! A role that allowed her, she said, ?to sing, dance, say intelligent words on stage, love and be loved and deliver what God gave me? and Iââ¬â¢m dressed up besides'â⬠(Black History: Virginia Profiles 1). Hello Dolly! allowed Bailey to be beautiful. Former President Ronald Reagan awarded Bailey was with the Medal of Freedom in 1988. She was also a special delegate to the United Nations under Ford, Reagan and Bush. While in her sixties Bailey went back to college and received her degree in theology from Georgetown University (2). Ethel Waters, ââ¬Å"Sweet Mama Stringbeanâ⬠, started her career in Vaudeville and nightclubs. In the 1921 Waters performed her first debut album ââ¬Å"The New York Glideâ⬠and ââ¬Å"At the New Jump Steady Bumpâ⬠. In the mid-twenties she was coined as a pop singer (Red Hot Jazz 1). ââ¬Å"On stage she was in successful productions of Africana, Blackbird of the 1930, Rhapsody in Black, and Cabin in the Skyâ⬠(Penney 8). She also starred in Pinky in 1949 this was a message film on racism. Waters did not receive recognition for her work until she portrayed Berenice Sadie Brown in The Member of The Wedding. ââ¬Å"The Member of the Wedding was more than simply a movie. It was very important repects a motion-picture event. Foremost, it marked the first time a black actress was used to carry a major-studio white production. Secondly, the movie was another comeback for Ethel Waters. Her autobiography, His Eye Is On The Sparrow? she told all the lurid details of her life the turbulent events in the autobiography convinced patrons that Ethel Waters, who always portrayed long-suffering women, was indeed the characters she played? Now patrons rooted for her to succeed? to triumphâ⬠(8). During Watersââ¬â¢s career she was nominated for an Oscar best supporting actress in the film Pinky. She also received the New York Drama Critics Award for best actress. Ethel Watersââ¬â¢s last performance was in the film The Sound and the Fury in 1959. She continued singing and touring with evangelist Billy Graham until her death in 1977 (Red Hot Jazz 1). Nina May McKinney was ââ¬Å"the screenââ¬â¢s first black goddessâ⬠(Penney 3). ââ¬Å"She was the first black actor in the film to be recognized as a potential mainstream starâ⬠(7). McKinney was also the most successful African-American actress in the 1920ââ¬â¢s and 1930ââ¬â¢s (South Carolina African American History Online 1). McKinneyââ¬â¢s career started as a New York City nightclub dancer and later received a role in Lew Leslieââ¬â¢s Blackbird Revue. In 1929, King Vidor, of MGM Studios, casted McKinney as Chick, a promiscuous young woman in Hallelujah. ââ¬Å"In the famous cabaret scene McKinney, as Chick, danced a sensuous dance which has been copied by leading lady Lena Horne in Cabin in the Sky to Lola Falana in The Liberation of L. B. Jonesâ⬠(Penney 7). In Hallelujah, ââ¬Å"Chick represented the black woman as an exotic sex object, half woman, half child. She was the black woman out of control of her emotions, split in two by her loyalty and her own vulnerabilities. Implied throughout the battle with self was the tragic mulatto theme? In this stereotypical concept the white half of her represented the spiritual; the black half-animalisticâ⬠(7). Hallelujah was considered the ââ¬Å"ââ¬Ëace of all-black picturesââ¬â¢? The film had a strong plot, but unfortunately the message was? blacks should stay in their place. Though McKinney received much praise for her role as Chick she did not generate leading roles in the American film industry. ââ¬Å"She was relegated to assuming routine black characters or to partaking in independently produced, low budget all black movies, as was the pattern for most of the outstanding African-American actors and actresses of the era? McKinney acted in a few other films in the 1940ââ¬â¢s. Her most notable role was in Pinky. McKinney was also a stage actress and performed at the famous Apollo Theatre in Harlem. Barred from opportunities and stardom in Hollywood, she soon departed the United States and took her great talents to Europe? in Greece she was known as the Black Garbo? she also starred with the great actor Paul Robeson in the film Sanders of the Riverâ⬠(South Carolina 2). Later in McKinneyââ¬â¢s life the great star returned to the States and died in New York City in 1967. Dorothy Dandridge is amongst Hollywoodââ¬â¢s beauties in the 1940ââ¬â¢s and 1950ââ¬â¢s. Though she receives much recognition today as the most beautiful and talented actresses of her time, but at that time she was seen as just another Black actress. Followed in the footsteps of the great Nina Ma McKinney, though they possessed the beauty and the charisma as other female actresses of their time their color was still seen first. Like many actors and actresses of her time Dandridge career went through many highs and lows because of her race. Dandridgeââ¬â¢s career began as a singer with her sister Vivian, they were known as the Wonder Children and later the group became a trio by the name the Dandridge Sisters. She played in many movies in the 1940ââ¬â¢s such as: Yes Indeed, Sing for My Supper, Jungle Jig, Easy Street, Cow Cow Boogie, and Paper Dolls to name a few. She was not recognized until her performance as Carmen in Carmen Jones. Her co-stars were Harry Belafonte, Pearl Bailey and Diahann Caroll. She was the first Black to be nominated for an Oscar for best actress (African-American Almanac 248). Dandridgeââ¬â¢s role as Carmen lead to more opportunities for African-Americans in films. Dandridge was the first African-American woman to be held in the arms of a white man in the film, Island in the Sun. She was also the first African-American to have an interracial kiss in The Decks Ran Red (Pioneer Actress 2). Though the film Carmen Jones allowed Dandridge to have a lead role she the character was the stereotypical mulatto woman with a high sex drive and filled with deceit. Penney writes, ââ¬Å"The irony that overshadowed Dandridgeââ¬â¢s career was that although the image she marketed appeared to be contemporary and daring, at heart it was based on an old classic type, the tragic mulatto. In her important films Dorothy Dandridge portrayed doomed, unfilled women. Nervous and vulnerable, they always battled with the duality of their personalities. As such, they answered the demands of their times. Dorothy Dandridgeââ¬â¢s characters brought to a dispirited nuclear age a razor-sharp sense of desperation that cut through the bleak monotony of the day. Eventually- and here lay the final irony- she may have been forced to live out a screen image that destroyed herâ⬠(10). Dorothy Dandridge broke many barriers during her career. She opened the doors for black romance in films. She crossed over the racial lines with interracial relationships on and off screen. Later in Dandridgeââ¬â¢s career she found it hard to get work. She filed for bankruptcy and later committed suicide. Dandridge made it possible for African-American women to be seen as beautiful and not exotic and sexual. In conclusion, many African-Americans actresses were blackballed by the industry. They were not able to achieve the success that they were entitled to because of the era that they were living in. These stars were oppressed because of the color of their skin and not because they did not possess talent. They were limited to roles that did not allow them to be the damsels or have leading roles. And if they were cast as the lead the film stereotyped the Blacks as shiftless, deceitful, or ignorant. These are just a few of the great African-American women in film that made it easier for African-American women to get into the industry. Though today African-American people are still seen shiftless, drug addicts, gang bangers, killers, whores, and criminals, but now they have more access to the industry because now African- Americans are able to write and direct films that depict them in a better light. Film today has changed for the past from mammies. Now African-American women are teachers, doctors, lawyers, business tycoons and what have you. Yet, they are still oppressed because they are only able to produce what the movie studios say that they can produce. Today there are films like Soul Food, Love and Basketball, Rosewood, Bamboozled, and many more that have messages and have African-American women in lead roles and not being in the background. These great stars allowed Black girls to see their own kind on a big screen and feel that they are beautiful too. Work Cited The African-American Almanac, 1997. Detroit: Gale Research, 1997. Encyclopedia of World Biography. Vol. 10&16. Detroit: Gale Research, 1987. ââ¬Å"Ethel Waters. â⬠Online. 10 March 2005. Available: www. http://www. redhot jazz. com/waters. html. ââ¬Å"Honoring Black History Month. â⬠Pax Stars. Online. 10 March 2005. Available: www. http://www. pax. tv/bios/one-bio. cfm/hattie-mcdaniel. ââ¬Å"Nina Mae McKinney. â⬠South Carolina African American History Online. Online. 11 March 2005. Available: www. http://www.scafam-hist. org/aahc/. ââ¬Å"Pearl Bailey. â⬠Black History: Virginia Profiles. Online. 13 March 2005. Available:www. http://www. gatewayva. com/pages/bhistory/1996/bailey. shtml. Penney, Carol. ââ¬Å"Black Actors inamerican Cinema. â⬠Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute. Online. 12 March 2000. Available: www. http://www. yale. edu/ynhti/cirriculm/units. ââ¬Å"Pioneer black actress Dorothy Dandridge has a famous cast of modern-day admirers. â⬠Online. 12 March 2005. Available: www. http://ohio. com/bj/fun/tv/0299/002827htm. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-27754572197257070432020-01-10T20:38:00.001-08:002020-01-10T20:38:05.964-08:00Post Traumatic Stress DisorderHe himself also suffers from OPTS, and has chapters about his thoughts, feelings, and family intervention when he was writing his memoir. ââ¬Å"Speaking of Courage,â⬠tells the story of another member of Tim O'Brien platoon, Norman Booker, following his return to his hometown In Iowa. Booker feels responsible for the death of Kiowa, who literally drowned In human excrement during a firefight when the platoon was encamped in what turned out to be a field of sewage. Frozen in panic, Booker could not bring himself to move and pull the wounded Kiowa out of the stinking sewage.Now, back in Iowa, he simply drives In circles around town, feeling aimless and out of place. ââ¬ËHow to Tell a True War Story Is a collection of small stones Interspersed with instructions about ââ¬Å"trueâ⬠war stories. The narrator tells the story of his friend Rat Killed, who writes a letter to the sister of his buddy who had been killed a week earlier. It is a long, heartfelt letter. He waits for two months for a reply to the letter, but the sister never writes back. The story then shifts to commentary. A true war story Is never moralâ⬠(O'Brien 65) the narrator Instructs. These two stories contain read examples of different symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, in a way that can further explain them to the reader. The Vietnam War was fought by an ideology against an Ideology, and ultimately solved very little while hurting so many. OPTS is a mental Illness that Is cause by a traumatic event that has happened In ones life and can be easily triggered by a daily activity. Pony close evaluation, Tim O'Brien collection, The Things They Carried, explores the effects of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in relation to Vietnam, since characters possess prone to angry outburst, elapse, and suicidal tendencies. The tragic events that are witnessed during the war in ââ¬Å"How to Tell a True War Story' can cause immediate cases of anger outbursts. Anger is said to be a cover for other emotions such as fear or hurt, and can also be a way of pushing people away in order to protect oneself. However, tendencies for sudden outbursts of anger are Like a manifestation of hyper-vigilance and fear of loss of control.In ââ¬Å"How to Tell a True War Story,â⬠Rat Killed looses his best friend, Curt Lemon, after being blown up while playing a game of catch. This has caused some sadness and anger to build up inside him. Later that day, the troops come across a baby buffalo that the end up bringing with them to s deserted village. After the failed attempt of Rat trying to feed the baby buffalo, ââ¬Å"he stepped back and shot it through the right front knee. It went down hard, 1 OFF to hurtâ⬠¦ There wasn't a great deal of pity for the baby water buffalo. Curt Lemon was deadâ⬠(O'Brien 75).In the article ââ¬Å"Anger, Hostility, and OPTS,â⬠written by Roth and Wielded, they say that ââ¬Å"as a consequence, hostility causes an increase frequency of anger and aggression. Thus, anger and hostility may reciprocally activate each other and motivate the individual to aggressive behavior against othersâ⬠(699). Rat Killed tortures a baby water buffalo because he cannot sit with his emotions about Curt Lemon's death. Skills method of abuse to this animal was very strategic due to the way he stepped back; shot the buffalo in the ear and then the right knee.The shots were not random, but were very specific and thought through. What O'Brien meant by not wanting to kill the animal, but to hurt it, was that the pain that Killed was leaning he wanted to see someone else feel it to. Rotor's thought of reciprocal activity is shown through Skills obsession of seeing this living thing suffer, Just as he was suffering from the loss of his dear friend. Skills angry outburst was Just the start of his OPTS that was caused from this traumatic event that he had witnessed, since anger can motivate to lash out with aggressive behavior.While one ca n reduce the severe-news of OPTS, there's always a possibility for a relapse, which is the case for Norman Booker in ââ¬Å"Speaking of Courage. â⬠In the case of OPTS, relapse is the worsening of symptoms or the recurrence of unhealthy behaviors. As a way of marking time, Norman Booker repeatedly drives a loop around the local lake remembering old girlfriends, hoping one day to track down high-school buddies who have moved to Des Monies or Sioux, and how he would explain Kiosk's death in the field.When Booker was in ââ¬Å"high school, at night, he had driven around and around it with Sally Kramerâ⬠¦ Or other times with friends, talking about urgent mattersâ⬠¦ Then, there had not been warâ⬠(O'Brien 132). Booker came home to find hat Sally was married, his friends were gone, and his father was at home watching TV. He made it seem like it wasn't a problem, but that was when he went ââ¬Å"he took [his dad's] Chevy on another seven-mile turn around the lake (O'Brien 133). According to John H.Attainment, author of Twentieth Century Literature, Norman Bookers' ââ¬Å"aimless circling works then to demonstrate his inability to settle back into the routine of the world and exemplifies the psychological distance between his former and present selvesâ⬠(108). O'Brien shows Booker's relapse by circling the lake before ND after the war, as the relapse is encapsulated by his trip around the lake back in high school with Sally and doing it again after the war, with out her this time.Booker aimlessly circling the lake shows that he is unable to break free from its pull, since lake triggers a relapse by his inability to settle back into civilization. Booker portrays Attainment's psychological distancing when he talks about the time before the war. So, the fact that Norman Booker circles the same lake as he did before the war, and constantly is thinking about what he has lost from being at war, shows that Booker is experiencing a relapse as a side effe ct of his OPTS. Thoughts of suicide are a major symptom of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and are explored in the short story ââ¬Å"Speaking of Courageâ⬠.War Veterans experience so much when in combat that their lives can hardly ever be normal and having to adjust to being back home can be a struggle. Booker had two friend, Max and Kiowa, both who which drowned in lakes, which had a major impact on Booker. Norman Booker a time he got out, walked down to the beach, and waded into the lake without undressing. The water felt warm against his skin. He put his head under. He opened his lips, very slightly, for the taste, then he stood up and folded his arms and watch the 148).In an interview with Tim O'Brien, he mentions that this story ââ¬Å"came from a letter [he] received from a guy name Norman Booker, a real guy, who committed suicide after [he] received his letter. He was talking to [O'Brien] in his letter about how he Just couldn't adjust to coming home. It wasn't bad memori es; it was that he couldn't talk to any about it (Unapparent 7). That was when O'Brien followed that story with the essay ââ¬Å"Notes,â⬠to inform that ââ¬Å"three years later hanged myself in the locker room of a YMCA in his hometown of Iowaâ⬠(O'Brien 149).In ââ¬Å"Speaking of Courageâ⬠, Booker didn't go into the lake to watch the fireworks; instead it was a mere thought of suicide, indicated by how Norman was fully dressed, submerging his entire body under water, and opening his mouth. Folding of his arms may hint that Booker is content with ending his life the way his buddies did. O'Brien point on Booker not being able to adjust to coming home, and attempt of suicide could have been a foreshadow of his actual suicide that happen a few years later.Booker was suffering many symptoms of OPTS, but it is evident that his suicidal thoughts had taken what was left of him, as it does to many war veterans. Angry outbursts, relapse, and suicidal thoughts are only a few o f the Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms that are discussed through out Tim O'Brien The Things They Carried, but they are not the only ones that these characters possess. Norman Booker and Rat Killed are two characters that suffer from OPTS. Booker experiences relapse and suicidal thoughts as his symptoms; where as, Killed suffers from angry outburst.O'Brien is a credible source for authenticating what fines a true story due to the fact he was part of the Vietnam war and he also suffers from OPTS. From the research gathered about OPTS symptoms, it is clear over the struggles that some go through dealing with this disorder. OPTS is a fracture' in your experience of life, caused by a traumatic event. You and no one else cause this fracture in your mind because it is response for attempting to cope with what happened. But unfortunately, it's an ill-informed response. So the next time a song is on repeat in your mind, Just imagine it's a repeat of your most horrific memories. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a very serious psychological disorder many ordinary people can develop. It causes large scale depression and can severely damage relationships and lives. Its main causes are from a person experiencing or witnessing an event involving death or serious injury. A personââ¬â¢s response to the trauma usually involves fear, helplessness or horror. In children evidence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can be exhibited in disorganized or agitated behaviors.One of the most common side effects of PTSD in adults is the recurring thoughts, images and perceptions about the specific trauma they endured. Consistent, frightening dreams of the event are also signs of developing PTSD. For children, they may also experience frightening dreams but with unrecognizable content they might not understand too well. Adults can also exhibit signs by acting as if they were reliving the events over and over again. Another sign of PTSD is the avoidance of thoughts, feelings and conversations with others about what happened, and the restricted range of affections and emotions exhibited by the individual.Many people feel like they are unable to have loving feelings and can have a sense of a foreshortened future where they canââ¬â¢t picture themselves having a career, marriage, children or even a normal life span. In most cases, the symptoms of PTSD begin to surface around 3 months after the specific event, but can be seen or experienced earlier as well. The symptoms generally tend to stay around for not too long of a time but for some people it can become chronic and never go away for as long as they live. Victims can begin to feel detached from society and estranged by their peers and others, as if they were all alone with no one there for them.Victims can also have difficulties concentrating, become hyper vigilant, which means a person has an increased state of anxiety and is constantly scanning their surrounding s for threats, and exaggerated startled responses which is a side effect of all the anxiety theyââ¬â¢re putting their minds through. Along with high states of anxiety, difficulty sleeping, extreme irritability, outbursts of anger for non-important reasons and severe depression are seen in many PTSD patients. Symptoms have been known to be worse when the trauma experienced is from intentional human actions rather than something like a natural disaster.Also, when something involves mass casualties like war, someone who survives can experience something known as survivorââ¬â¢s guilt where they feel guilty for getting through it meanwhile they lost loved ones and friends. The most vivid, disturbing way to experience PTSD is through a flashback. A flashback is when a person has recurring images flash before him when looking at normal things and cause the victim to be transported back to where the trauma took place and even begin to make the person feel, see, and smell the things he mightââ¬â¢ve on that day or time period.This is especially common with war veterans like Vietnam War veterans. Vietnam War veterans can and have been known to be upset by war movies, hot humid weather, and even Asian cooking as it brings them back to the times when they were overseas and where they lost a lot of friends. PTSD has always been closely tied to the history of human warfare, not just the Vietnam War. PTSD is also known to soldiers and veterans as soldierââ¬â¢s heart, combat neurosis, and battle fatigue, meaning a soldier can lose their will to live and fight and just want to give up.Combat veterans who have witnessed or committed violent acts are more likely to develop PTSD. The men who liberated the Nazi war camps in the 1940ââ¬â¢s could have been Severely distressed by the things they saw were being done to people. And through to today in the prisons the United States has where they keep war criminals and suspected terrorists like Abu Ghraib. Soldiers who wer e stationed there had seen some horrific things done to people, and those images could stick with them for a very long time.However, it was not until after the Vietnam War that PTSD became a well-known and serious mental health condition and captured the interest of doctors and psychiatrists. A study done on Vietnam War veterans showed that at least 1. 7 million veterans had experienced a serious case of PTSD when their tour was over or after the war. The attention received by the Vietnam War veterans also helped shed a light onto victims of other wars and events and allowed the still living Holocaust survivors to seek help if they wished.Another study showed that 55% of women were victims of a violent crime and that one in four of these women suffered from PTSD. It can affect everyone for an unlimited amount of reason ranging from natural disasters like a hurricane or earthquake to something more recent like the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001. Many civilians who escaped New York City that day saw and experienced some of the worst things imaginable, and one of the largest groups of people who suffered from that event was the members of the FDNY, NYPD, and PAPD.With the FDNY losing 343 firemen, the NYPD losing 23 police officers and the PAPD losing 7 officers, the first responders to the World Trade Center suffered heavy casualties. A lot of people lost fellow brothers and sisters going into the buildings attempting to save innocent civilians and lost their lives. A horrific event like 9/11 affects a larger amount of people and hits them harder than other things due to the severity, lives lost, and pointlessness of the attack. People who already may have underlying or prior mental health problems are more likely to develop PTSD.Genetics also play a role in making some people susceptible to PTSD and two people who are experiencing the same trauma can have two different outcomes. One person might be able to get through it and the other might be completely mentally exhausted and suffer the worst of the symptoms. People may not even know they have PTSD until the death of a close friend or relative or a divorce or something life changing brings them to an emotional low and can make them recall what they may have gone through.PTSD is a serious mental condition that affects more people than anyone might know. Some people are good at hiding feelings while others are not. Sadly some sufferers resort to using heavy quantities of alcohol and tranquilizers to numb their pain and make them able to cope with the disturbing recollections, nightmares and sleep problems and sadly many end up dependent on the drugs theyââ¬â¢re using. PTSD can also lead to suicide if the victim experiences sever amounts of survivorââ¬â¢s guilt or feels as if they canââ¬â¢t take it anymore. Works Cited: . Vrana, Scott. ââ¬Å"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. â⬠Salem Health Psychology & Mental Health. First edition. Editor: Nancy Piotrowski. Volume 4 Pas adena, CA: Salem Press, 2010. Print. 2. Miller, Allen, ââ¬Å"Living With Anxiety Disordersâ⬠New York, Facts on File, 2008. Print 3. Jan Fawcett, ââ¬Å"Post Traumatic Stress Disorderâ⬠The Encyclopedia of Mental Health Ada Kahn. First Edition. Volume 1 New York. Facts on File. 1993. Print. 4. nymag. com/news/articles/wtc/1year/numbers, New York Magazine, 11 September 2011. Web. 20 November 2011 Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a very serious psychological disorder many ordinary people can develop. It causes large scale depression and can severely damage relationships and lives. Its main causes are from a person experiencing or witnessing an event involving death or serious injury. A personââ¬â¢s response to the trauma usually involves fear, helplessness or horror. In children evidence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can be exhibited in disorganized or agitated behaviors.One of the most common side effects of PTSD in adults is the recurring thoughts, images and perceptions about the specific trauma they endured. Consistent, frightening dreams of the event are also signs of developing PTSD. For children, they may also experience frightening dreams but with unrecognizable content they might not understand too well. Adults can also exhibit signs by acting as if they were reliving the events over and over again. Another sign of PTSD is the avoidance of thoughts, feelings and conversations with others about what happened, and the restricted range of affections and emotions exhibited by the individual.Many people feel like they are unable to have loving feelings and can have a sense of a foreshortened future where they canââ¬â¢t picture themselves having a career, marriage, children or even a normal life span. In most cases, the symptoms of PTSD begin to surface around 3 months after the specific event, but can be seen or experienced earlier as well. The symptoms generally tend to stay around for not too long of a time but for some people it can become chronic and never go away for as long as they live. Victims can begin to feel detached from society and estranged by their peers and others, as if they were all alone with no one there for them.Victims can also have difficulties concentrating, become hyper vigilant, which means a person has an increased state of anxiety and is constantly scanning their surrounding s for threats, and exaggerated startled responses which is a side effect of all the anxiety theyââ¬â¢re putting their minds through. Along with high states of anxiety, difficulty sleeping, extreme irritability, outbursts of anger for non-important reasons and severe depression are seen in many PTSD patients. Symptoms have been known to be worse when the trauma experienced is from intentional human actions rather than something like a natural disaster.Also, when something involves mass casualties like war, someone who survives can experience something known as survivorââ¬â¢s guilt where they feel guilty for getting through it meanwhile they lost loved ones and friends. The most vivid, disturbing way to experience PTSD is through a flashback. A flashback is when a person has recurring images flash before him when looking at normal things and cause the victim to be transported back to where the trauma took place and even begin to make the person feel, see, and smell the things he mightââ¬â¢ve on that day or time period.This is especially common with war veterans like Vietnam War veterans. Vietnam War veterans can and have been known to be upset by war movies, hot humid weather, and even Asian cooking as it brings them back to the times when they were overseas and where they lost a lot of friends. PTSD has always been closely tied to the history of human warfare, not just the Vietnam War. PTSD is also known to soldiers and veterans as soldierââ¬â¢s heart, combat neurosis, and battle fatigue, meaning a soldier can lose their will to live and fight and just want to give up.Combat veterans who have witnessed or committed violent acts are more likely to develop PTSD. The men who liberated the Nazi war camps in the 1940ââ¬â¢s could have been Severely distressed by the things they saw were being done to people. And through to today in the prisons the United States has where they keep war criminals and suspected terrorists like Abu Ghraib. Soldiers who wer e stationed there had seen some horrific things done to people, and those images could stick with them for a very long time.However, it was not until after the Vietnam War that PTSD became a well-known and serious mental health condition and captured the interest of doctors and psychiatrists. A study done on Vietnam War veterans showed that at least 1. 7 million veterans had experienced a serious case of PTSD when their tour was over or after the war. The attention received by the Vietnam War veterans also helped shed a light onto victims of other wars and events and allowed the still living Holocaust survivors to seek help if they wished.Another study showed that 55% of women were victims of a violent crime and that one in four of these women suffered from PTSD. It can affect everyone for an unlimited amount of reason ranging from natural disasters like a hurricane or earthquake to something more recent like the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001. Many civilians who escaped New York City that day saw and experienced some of the worst things imaginable, and one of the largest groups of people who suffered from that event was the members of the FDNY, NYPD, and PAPD.With the FDNY losing 343 firemen, the NYPD losing 23 police officers and the PAPD losing 7 officers, the first responders to the World Trade Center suffered heavy casualties. A lot of people lost fellow brothers and sisters going into the buildings attempting to save innocent civilians and lost their lives. A horrific event like 9/11 affects a larger amount of people and hits them harder than other things due to the severity, lives lost, and pointlessness of the attack. People who already may have underlying or prior mental health problems are more likely to develop PTSD.Genetics also play a role in making some people susceptible to PTSD and two people who are experiencing the same trauma can have two different outcomes. One person might be able to get through it and the other might be completely mentally exhausted and suffer the worst of the symptoms. People may not even know they have PTSD until the death of a close friend or relative or a divorce or something life changing brings them to an emotional low and can make them recall what they may have gone through.PTSD is a serious mental condition that affects more people than anyone might know. Some people are good at hiding feelings while others are not. Sadly some sufferers resort to using heavy quantities of alcohol and tranquilizers to numb their pain and make them able to cope with the disturbing recollections, nightmares and sleep problems and sadly many end up dependent on the drugs theyââ¬â¢re using. PTSD can also lead to suicide if the victim experiences sever amounts of survivorââ¬â¢s guilt or feels as if they canââ¬â¢t take it anymore. Works Cited: . Vrana, Scott. ââ¬Å"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. â⬠Salem Health Psychology & Mental Health. First edition. Editor: Nancy Piotrowski. Volume 4 Pas adena, CA: Salem Press, 2010. Print. 2. Miller, Allen, ââ¬Å"Living With Anxiety Disordersâ⬠New York, Facts on File, 2008. Print 3. Jan Fawcett, ââ¬Å"Post Traumatic Stress Disorderâ⬠The Encyclopedia of Mental Health Ada Kahn. First Edition. Volume 1 New York. Facts on File. 1993. Print. 4. nymag. com/news/articles/wtc/1year/numbers, New York Magazine, 11 September 2011. Web. 20 November 2011 Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a very serious psychological disorder many ordinary people can develop. It causes large scale depression and can severely damage relationships and lives. Its main causes are from a person experiencing or witnessing an event involving death or serious injury. A personââ¬â¢s response to the trauma usually involves fear, helplessness or horror. In children evidence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can be exhibited in disorganized or agitated behaviors.One of the most common side effects of PTSD in adults is the recurring thoughts, images and perceptions about the specific trauma they endured. Consistent, frightening dreams of the event are also signs of developing PTSD. For children, they may also experience frightening dreams but with unrecognizable content they might not understand too well. Adults can also exhibit signs by acting as if they were reliving the events over and over again. Another sign of PTSD is the avoidance of thoughts, feelings and conversations with others about what happened, and the restricted range of affections and emotions exhibited by the individual.Many people feel like they are unable to have loving feelings and can have a sense of a foreshortened future where they canââ¬â¢t picture themselves having a career, marriage, children or even a normal life span. In most cases, the symptoms of PTSD begin to surface around 3 months after the specific event, but can be seen or experienced earlier as well. The symptoms generally tend to stay around for not too long of a time but for some people it can become chronic and never go away for as long as they live. Victims can begin to feel detached from society and estranged by their peers and others, as if they were all alone with no one there for them.Victims can also have difficulties concentrating, become hyper vigilant, which means a person has an increased state of anxiety and is constantly scanning their surrounding s for threats, and exaggerated startled responses which is a side effect of all the anxiety theyââ¬â¢re putting their minds through. Along with high states of anxiety, difficulty sleeping, extreme irritability, outbursts of anger for non-important reasons and severe depression are seen in many PTSD patients. Symptoms have been known to be worse when the trauma experienced is from intentional human actions rather than something like a natural disaster.Also, when something involves mass casualties like war, someone who survives can experience something known as survivorââ¬â¢s guilt where they feel guilty for getting through it meanwhile they lost loved ones and friends. The most vivid, disturbing way to experience PTSD is through a flashback. A flashback is when a person has recurring images flash before him when looking at normal things and cause the victim to be transported back to where the trauma took place and even begin to make the person feel, see, and smell the things he mightââ¬â¢ve on that day or time period.This is especially common with war veterans like Vietnam War veterans. Vietnam War veterans can and have been known to be upset by war movies, hot humid weather, and even Asian cooking as it brings them back to the times when they were overseas and where they lost a lot of friends. PTSD has always been closely tied to the history of human warfare, not just the Vietnam War. PTSD is also known to soldiers and veterans as soldierââ¬â¢s heart, combat neurosis, and battle fatigue, meaning a soldier can lose their will to live and fight and just want to give up.Combat veterans who have witnessed or committed violent acts are more likely to develop PTSD. The men who liberated the Nazi war camps in the 1940ââ¬â¢s could have been Severely distressed by the things they saw were being done to people. And through to today in the prisons the United States has where they keep war criminals and suspected terrorists like Abu Ghraib. Soldiers who wer e stationed there had seen some horrific things done to people, and those images could stick with them for a very long time.However, it was not until after the Vietnam War that PTSD became a well-known and serious mental health condition and captured the interest of doctors and psychiatrists. A study done on Vietnam War veterans showed that at least 1. 7 million veterans had experienced a serious case of PTSD when their tour was over or after the war. The attention received by the Vietnam War veterans also helped shed a light onto victims of other wars and events and allowed the still living Holocaust survivors to seek help if they wished.Another study showed that 55% of women were victims of a violent crime and that one in four of these women suffered from PTSD. It can affect everyone for an unlimited amount of reason ranging from natural disasters like a hurricane or earthquake to something more recent like the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001. Many civilians who escaped New York City that day saw and experienced some of the worst things imaginable, and one of the largest groups of people who suffered from that event was the members of the FDNY, NYPD, and PAPD.With the FDNY losing 343 firemen, the NYPD losing 23 police officers and the PAPD losing 7 officers, the first responders to the World Trade Center suffered heavy casualties. A lot of people lost fellow brothers and sisters going into the buildings attempting to save innocent civilians and lost their lives. A horrific event like 9/11 affects a larger amount of people and hits them harder than other things due to the severity, lives lost, and pointlessness of the attack. People who already may have underlying or prior mental health problems are more likely to develop PTSD.Genetics also play a role in making some people susceptible to PTSD and two people who are experiencing the same trauma can have two different outcomes. One person might be able to get through it and the other might be completely mentally exhausted and suffer the worst of the symptoms. People may not even know they have PTSD until the death of a close friend or relative or a divorce or something life changing brings them to an emotional low and can make them recall what they may have gone through.PTSD is a serious mental condition that affects more people than anyone might know. Some people are good at hiding feelings while others are not. Sadly some sufferers resort to using heavy quantities of alcohol and tranquilizers to numb their pain and make them able to cope with the disturbing recollections, nightmares and sleep problems and sadly many end up dependent on the drugs theyââ¬â¢re using. PTSD can also lead to suicide if the victim experiences sever amounts of survivorââ¬â¢s guilt or feels as if they canââ¬â¢t take it anymore. Works Cited: . Vrana, Scott. ââ¬Å"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. â⬠Salem Health Psychology & Mental Health. First edition. Editor: Nancy Piotrowski. Volume 4 Pas adena, CA: Salem Press, 2010. Print. 2. Miller, Allen, ââ¬Å"Living With Anxiety Disordersâ⬠New York, Facts on File, 2008. Print 3. Jan Fawcett, ââ¬Å"Post Traumatic Stress Disorderâ⬠The Encyclopedia of Mental Health Ada Kahn. First Edition. Volume 1 New York. Facts on File. 1993. Print. 4. nymag. com/news/articles/wtc/1year/numbers, New York Magazine, 11 September 2011. Web. 20 November 2011 Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-53820763797990848242020-01-02T17:02:00.001-08:002020-01-02T17:02:03.626-08:00The Lgbt Community Dan Savage - 1033 Words Evan Cafiero Professor Mohammed MGT 110 Dec 2nd, 2015 Dan Savage Throughout the years, the LGBT community has made numerous strides in equality, recognition, and respect. Every rights movement has its origins, and the push for the LGBT community is no different. Beginning with the Stonewall Riots in New York 40-something years ago, to the protests against Proposition 8 on the west coast, leaders have emerged; countless Americans that believe LGBT persons can become fully vested in the American dream stand behind them. One such leader is Dan Savageââ¬âan author, journalist, and primarily, an advocate for the LGBT community. He demonstrates multiple traits of a leader,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦But these accomplishments are only secondary to his greatest featââ¬âthe ââ¬Å"It Gets Better Projectâ⬠. On September 21st 2010, Savage, along with his husband Terry Miller, put into motion the ââ¬Å"It Gets Better Projectâ⬠because of the suicide of Billy Lucas, 15 year-old who was perceived to be gay. It e ncourages adults, both LGBT or otherwise, to submit videos assuring gay teenagers that life can improve after bullying in early life. The movement gathered motion instantly and by November of 2013, it had more than 50,000 user created videos, and each testimonial was viewed over 50 million times. Savage gained a following and was recognized amongst the LGBT leaders of the decade, and he demonstrated the qualities of being a leader. First off, he has aspects of the emotional intelligenceââ¬âtraits that allow him to interpret the emotions of those he is fighting forââ¬âand against. He knows the struggle of the LGBT person because he, himself, is gay. His multiple channels of communication to his audience reinforce his ability to recognize and meet their needs. Savageââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"It Gets Better Projectâ⬠inspired millions with the compelling vision of equality amongst sexual orientations. But, by far, is Savageââ¬â¢s most defining traitââ¬âhis aggressiveness. Savage is a catalyst for change because he stands up to conservative politicians, and even though he may be harsh, he proves his point. Dan Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-17246833731406273992019-12-25T13:29:00.001-08:002019-12-25T13:29:03.618-08:00One of the Most Overlooked Answers for Research Paper Writing One of the Most Overlooked Answers for Research Paper Writing The exploration paper gives you the possiblity to contemplate some problem. So you simply cannot take some random number and data and write it as you desire. Dissertation writing services always prepared to assist you in academic carrier to scoring excellent grade. Whatever method or template you select for helping your students learn how to take notes, be certain to model it many times before the class demonstrating for them how to compose the notes since they read about a topic. Going to the library might not be a huge dig but differentiating between what is needed and what's not. There are numerous research materials offered in the libraries. While there are numerous elements to a great research article, one of the most crucial elements for your readers is the background of your study. Note down information of every sources When it's a big research undertaking, there's more chance to receive messy. To formulate an adequate research topic, you have to examine quite a lot of materials. For instance, sometimes you should do just a little background research and reading before it's possible to develop a research question. Pay a trip to their website if you're in need of a research paper writing service. Select the very affordable research writing service Students, who wish to acquire decent research writing service free of charge, might think about dropping the idea. The consumer wishing to discover the assistance of on-line customized research paper writers ought to be regarding the net. In such times it's recommended to find expert help from best academic writing on the net to supply students with the guidance and me ntoring for them to satisfy their academic paper requirements and deliver their assignments in time. It's simple to differentiate a research paper written by a skilled and one written by means of a school dropout. So you always ought to ask your professor what basic layout you've got to use while writing your college paper. Remember that many of students will need to gain from your term paper. A prudent student doesn't have to cover a sample paper. What You Can Do About Research Paper Writing Beginning in the Next 5 Minutes Forget about all of the essays you wrote while in high school in an evening and you're done. When considering research paper tips for college, you ought to avoid controversial and sensational topics and the topics which are too technical. Researching the essay topic will allow you to determine what to write about in the essay and the way to structure it. If you're writing a humanities or social science essay it's possible to find more literary approach es to start your introduction and announce the subject of your paper. You've got to choose a topic in which you have good expertise, and you'll be able to place your extra input. Furthermore, you ought to keep your background focused but balanced enough so that it's pertinent to a broader audience. The procedure for research begins with the assortment of a topic which is appropriate for your course or purpose. Explore the regions where you have basic understanding. The Fight Against Research Paper Writing It is an impossible task to complete dissertation writing in short time, it's time consuming task as it needs to search a good deal. You ought to keep in mind that before finalizing your research paper you've got to revise it repeatedly. Ensure you work hard to meet up with the deadline. However you're feeling about writing research papers, there's always something you may learn how to produce the process more efficient. Life, Death, and Research Paper Writing For insta nce, if you operate with a readers, multiple choice poll will want to understand about your principal research. For instance, the introduction and the conclusion is going to be offered to you. For example you can briefly emphasize the significance of the research in closing paragraph. These examples will allow you to make up your mind on where to locate a sample of a fantastic critique. Introducing Research Paper Writing Sometimes the last portion of an introduction to a research paper will be two or three lines that provide a summary of the structure of the human body of the paper. The writing style in a research paper has to be conventional and ought to abide by the guidelines offered by the institute. In case the paper is discovered to have not met the caliber of the customer, it's given back for more revisions. The research paper is a sort of academic writing that has adequate understanding of the info. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-87276732587459729762019-12-17T09:19:00.001-08:002019-12-17T09:19:03.923-08:00The Tragedy Of The Holocaust - 1708 Words The Holocaust is, by definition, a tragedy. HaShoah, the Hebrew word for the Holocaust, translates to ââ¬Å"the catastrophe.â⬠The very notion of humor during the Holocaust may seem incongruous, appalling, and wildly inappropriate. Tragedy is seen as serious, while comedy is typically lighthearted in nature. However, there is precedence for ââ¬Ëcomic relief,ââ¬â¢ the presence of humor in tragedy with the desired effect to relieve tension. Frequently, comic relief is used so that tragedy does not overshadow us in darkness. Humor is simply an alternate, often more effective, lens through which we can approach history. Yet people still tend to draw red lines on especially tragic events, as analyzing the Shoah through the comedic lens is generally frowned upon, especially in the Jewish community. But, the taboo of ââ¬ËHolocaust humorââ¬â¢ is already being challenged by various holocaust jokes, Joan Rivers, Viktor Frankleââ¬â¢s Manââ¬â¢s Search for Meaning, Sarah S ilvermanââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Wowschwitzâ⬠, and Sander L. Gilmanââ¬â¢s article, ââ¬Å"Is Life Beautiful? Can the Shoah Be Funny? Some Thoughts on Recent and Older Films.â⬠This norm of keeping humor out of the Holocaust should be challenged on the basis that it serves as an outlet for which to cope with tragedy, a means of solidarity and unity for the oppressed, and a vehicle for Nazi criticism. Living in a Nazi-occupied ghetto or concentration camp during the Shoah would be disturbing, traumatic, and certainly depressing. During the Shoah, however, the oppressed andShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust945 Words à |à 4 PagesSince the terrorist attack on Paris, to the natural disasters in Haiti; there have been a variety of tragic events that have occurred throughout history across the world. Perhaps one main tragedy that leaves people feeling baffled is the Holocaust. Eric Lichtblau described the Holocaust in his article, The Holocaust Just Got More Shocking, as a genocide in which Adolf Hitlerââ¬â¢s Nazi Germany and its associates killed approximately six million Jewish people because the Nazis believed that exterminatingRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1599 Words à |à 7 Pagesassigned Adolf Hitler as their chancellor. Once Hitler had finally reached power he set out to complete one goal, create a Greater Germany free from the Jews (ââ¬Å"The reasons for the Holocaust,â⬠2009). This tragedy is known today as, ââ¬Å"The Holocaust,â⬠that explains the terrors of our histories past. The face of the Holocaust, master of death, and leader of Germany; Adolf Hitler the most deceitful, powerful, well spoken, and intelligent person that acted as the key to this mass murder. According to a researchRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust922 Words à |à 4 PagesFrom the terrorist attack on Paris, to the natural disasters in Haiti; there have been a variety of tragic events that have occurred throughout history across the world. Perhaps one main tragedy that leaves people feeling baffled is the Holocaust. Eric Lichtblau described the Holocaust in his article, The Holocaust Just Got More Shocking, as a genocide in which Adolf Hitlerââ¬â¢s Nazi Germany and its associates killed around six million Jewish people because the Nazis believed that exterminating the JewishRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1063 Words à |à 5 Pages religious family and a tough culture surrounding him, the Holocaust effected his life to the extreme but along with all his suffering and the tragedies in his life the Holocaust did not take him. He stuck by his believes and made it out alive. Born in Vilna with pride, it gave an eminent name to the Jewish people. He has four sisters, Rachel, Sonia, Doba and _. Also his mother and father, nephews and nieces. All but Rachel and he died of the Holocaust. In Vilna the Jews lived on one side of the street andRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1540 Words à |à 7 Pagesdiverse in the cause; it is the indifference and ruthlessness that an individual portrays. This sort of behavior accommodates society and encourages people to accept and follow its routine and principles, such as the events that took place during the Holocaust. During the time period of 1933 to 1945, Adolf Hitler, an Austrian World War I veteran, decided to partake in twisted behavior. Hitler believed that in order to do his nation justice, the nation needed an ethnic cleansing. This ethnic cleansingRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust3499 Words à |à 14 Pageshowever, the holocaust seems to be the huge adversity to overcome. The holocaust has taught the s ociety many things; although the world has not exactly learned from the experiences entirely. The holocaust is a learning experience still today, so that this generation will not repeat the same drastic measures. Many people today seem to think that the holocaust never happened; in spite of this, there are those that disagree. I have had the opportunity to listen to a firsthand account of the tragedy that happenedRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1415 Words à |à 6 PagesPrior to the holocaust, however, he exhibits none of these characteristics. He was kind, wealthy, and uncommonly resourceful, and his marriage to Anja was filled with compassion, intimacy, and love. Where now Vladek is now stubborn, irritable, and almost comically stingy with his money. His experiences in the Holocaust undoubtedly played a role in these dramatic personality changes. It wasnââ¬â¢t until the war started that Vladek got a little more precautious about a few things. Whenever a bad thingRead Mor eThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust Essay1118 Words à |à 5 PagesWithin the era of 1933 to 1945, races struggled through times of gloom, torment and hopelessness. The Holocaust was hard on numerous people, with little survivors and still influences individuals present lives today. The majority of the anguish was brought about as a result of one manââ¬â¢s conviction, that had the capacity to impact a whole nation. The holocaust was a genocide that was exclusively centered around hatred found in Germany. Propaganda was one of the main causes, which conditioned the peopleRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1034 Words à |à 5 PagesIn every moment, people make choices that impact society, continually shaping history. During the Holocaust, when the Nazi Party incarcerated millions of Jews, ordinary European citizens and their everyday decisions and shaped history through an amass of cause and effects. Their decisions were greatly influenced by their understanding of the universe of ob ligation, which sociologist Helen Fein defines as ââ¬Å"the circle of individuals and groups ââ¬Ëtoward whom obligations are owed, to whom rules applyRead MoreThe Tragedy Of The Holocaust1970 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Holocaust, 9/11, wars and assassinations are common events that come to mind when thinking about history. These events tend to make people think that mankind is evil and will always choose to be evil. However, when looking at the people behind the evil doings, are they really killing for a selfish reason? Mankind will always do good for their nation, no matter the cost. While most powerful leaders end up hurting many people, they either have good intentions behind the mask of people suffering Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-59893105107048261752019-12-09T06:01:00.001-08:002019-12-09T06:01:03.797-08:00Customer Feedback Landmark Hotel in Auckland Question: Discuss about theCustomer Feedbackfor Landmark Hotel in Auckland. Answer: Introduction: The report discusses about the issues faced by Landmark hotel in Auckland. In light of losing several business accounts and drop in the rate of repeat bookings, General Manager of hotel emphasizes on measuring by ways of collecting data as he thinks that management is best done when various variable affecting it is measured. Report has two parts. In first part, varies ways of measuring guest satisfaction is discussed along with their strength and weakness. Integrate feedback from different ways and a way is designed for sharing the information and identifying people for reporting it (Ariffin et al., 2013). Second part of report discusses about several sub sets of questions from the survey conducted on guest for hotels. Various issues identified in the operation of hotels are discussed and several recommendations are provided for actions. Discussion: Part A: Landmark hotel is facing few issues concerning its booking rates and has been losing several business accounts. General Manager is thinking that guest satisfaction report would be relevant in determining the cause of lagging business and therefore he intends to measure the satisfaction of gests by some possible sources. Foundation of any successful business is formed because of satisfied customers (Chen et al., 2015). This is so because customer satisfaction leads to repeated purchase, build brand loyalty by spreading positive word of mouth. Satisfaction depicts the overall attitude of the customers toward the provider of service. There seems to exist positive connection between loyalty, customer satisfaction and retention. Measuring the satisfaction of customers assist the organization in understanding the key drivers that is causing dissatisfaction and satisfaction among the consumers with service provider. Moreover, it helps organization in focusing on its customers and improving their satisfaction. It also helps hoteliers in understanding the extent to which satisfaction is influenced by factors that is outside their control (El Haddad, 2015). However, there are various factors influencing customer satisfaction. Three possible sources for measuring guest satisfaction and their strength and weakness are as follows: There are various sources of measuring customer satisfaction and it comprise of external and internal sources. Conducting customer satisfaction survey- It is one of the economic and efficient ways of measuring customer satisfaction. They are designed to give unambiguous and anonymous insight into perception and thoughts of service and product. Gathering information directly from customers would be beneficial in measuring satisfaction (Molina-Azorn et al., 2015). However, there are some pros and cons of this method. Conducting survey helps in getting up to date feedback by regularly scheduling email and online surveys. It helps in receiving an immediate feedback from customers. Benchmark results are obtained as the organization can gain continuous insight into the customers. On the other hand, conducting survey might be faced with time constraint. Privacy issues is another disadvantage of this source as there is insecurity of releasing private information (Padilla-Melndez Garrido-Moreno, 2014). Telephonic interviews- This tool kit for measuring satisfaction comes with low cost and high control of sample and standards of interviewer. It uses simple scales for ratings. Some of the weakness of this method is explanatory visuals cannot be shown using this method. It is not possible to access all the customers through the phone. Reviewing Operational Data from your Own Organization: This source helps in uncovering customer discontent potential areas by reviewing key operational data. It will help in uncovering some factors that would be immediately fixed, which will get the business on right track and make customers happy (Prasad et al., 2014). It provides specific information that could be used in quality management. At the same time, some relevant information might be missed which can be solely available from external sources (Zhou et al., 2014). Therefore, this source is somewhat reliable. It is very essential for hotel such as landmark to manage its feedback properly so that it is directed toward implementing strategies for improving booking rate and acquiring of business accounts. Feedback report generated from measuring satisfaction of customers needs to be reported to senior management, operational management, customer facing staffs, communication staffs, strategic and police staffs. Involvement of the senior and operational management of landmark hotel would make them act on solving existing issues (Oh et al., 2015). This report would give them a sense of the way customers feel toward the service provided. Implementing results of customer satisfaction measurement is also critical for customer facing staffs. Feedback report of landmark hotel should be designed in such a way that it should that it include both summarized and specific information. Feedback report include cover page and a body consisting of three main sections. It will include a section of data on performance of hotel along with cover page for summary information. It will also contain a section of job specifics and companywide competencies. The data are summarized from the respondents concerning questionnaires. Information are presented using the descriptive statements. Feedback report include the evaluation of negative elements being discovered. Resolving of the issues is done by framing an action plan to be included in feedback report. Part B: Data of guest survey spreadsheet is calculated and analyzed with the help of measures of central tendency and standard deviation (Pizam et al., 2016). Mean, median, mode and standard deviation have been used for calculation purpose. Mean is average value of given set of observations. It is obtained by dividing the total number of observation by total number of observations. Median shows the middle most values in the set of observations. This value separates higher half of sample of data from the lower half. Mode is the most appeared value in data set. It means mode is most frequent occurred value. Standard deviation denotes variation from the average value and it is a measure of dispersion. It measures absolute variation of a distribution. Analysis of Figures From Guest Survey: First question mean, median, mode and standard deviation stands at 2.93,3,3 and .83 respectively. Most of respondents agree that service provided is of high standard. Mean, median, mode and standard deviation of second question stands at 3.06,3,4 and .87. Most of respondents agree that they are welcomed and looked after. Mean, median, mode and standard deviation of hotel maintenance stands at 2.1,2,2 and .71. These figures show that respondents are not satisfied with maintenance of landmark hotel. Fourth question mean, median, mode and standard deviation stands at 2.1,2,2 and .74. Figures depicts that room was not clean to high standard upon arrival. Mean, median, mode and standard deviation of fifth question stands at 2.5,3,3 and .77. It is depicted from figure that most of respondents disagree about room ability for getting good night sleep. Sixth question mean, median, mode and standard deviation stands at 2.4,2,2 and .67. Figure depicts that some of respondents disagree that breakfast was not an enjoyable experience. Mean median, mode and standard deviation of seventh question stands at 2.9,3,3 and .71. It is depicted by figure that most of respondents agree that good environmental practices is practiced by hotel. When it comes to recommend hotel by respondents, mean, median, mode and standard deviation stands at .53, 1, 1 and .507. Figures depicts that only few respondents would recommend this hotel to others. Ninth question mean, median, mode and standard deviation stands at .83, 1, 1 and .37. This value shows that only few respondents strongly disagree that they have stayed at this hotel. Average value is deviating least from observed value (Yang et al., 2014). Last question deals with preferring other hotel than Landmark hotel after experience. Mean, median, mode and standard deviation stands at .433, 0, 0 and .504. This Figure depicts that none of respondents would prefer another scenic hotel after experience of this hotel. From the above discussion and analysis of figures, some of issues faced by hotel can be listed down as below: Landmark hotel does not have high standard of maintenance Upon arrival, guests are experiencing untidiness Landmark hotel has very fewer chances of being recommended by majority of respondents. Therefore, from above analysis, landmark hotel needs to maintain high standard in terms of cleanliness of rooms and maintenance of hotel rooms. Respondents are less likely to recommend landmark hotel to others. Recommendation: It is recommended on part of hotel to embrace the idea that maintenance of assets and management of visibility should be increased. This shows that attention of senior level management is required for controlling and maintaining the infrastructures. Asset management history of hotel should be tracked and evaluated monthly for identifying trends of hotel maintenance. It would include energy drains, many work orders issues related to potential capital expenditure and bottlenecks. It should be ascertained that all the assets of hotel along with asset detail such as description, installation cost, serial number, and vendor, associated cost and expected useful life. Hotel should make evaluation of all the above. Any increase in proactive maintenance should come with setting of the target and a computerized maintenance management software should be installed. This would provide senior management. It is also required on part of management to take some measures to promote the hotel, as fewer respondents are likely to recommend the hotel to others. This can be done by offering packages, organizing events, launching loyalty programs and making seasonal promotions. Conclusion: From the above discussion, it can be concluded that maintenance trends of landmark hotel are the most important identified issue leading to falling booking rates. It is the responsibility of owners and management of hotels for maintain physical infrastructure, equipment is while jointly maintaining environmental responsibility. It is confirmed by majority of respondents that maintenance issue was the main reason behind decrease in preference of customers toward service of Landmark hotel. Reference: Ariffin, A. A. M., Nameghi, E. N., Zakaria, N. I. (2013). The effect of hospitableness and servicescape on guest satisfaction in the hotel industry.Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration,30(2), 127-137. Chen, C. M., Yang, H. W., Li, E. Y., Liu, C. C. (2015). How does hotel pricing influence guest satisfaction by the moderating influence of room occupancy?.International Journal of Hospitality Management,49, 136-138. El Haddad, R. (2015). Exploration of revenue management practicescase of an upscale budget hotel chain.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(8), 1791-1813. Molina-Azorn, J. F., Tar, J. J., Pereira-Moliner, J., Lpez-Gamero, M. D., Pertusa-Ortega, E. M. (2015). The effects of quality and environmental management on competitive advantage: A mixed methods study in the hotel industry.Tourism Management,50, 41-54. Oh, H., Oh, H., Kim, K., Kim, K. (2017). Customer satisfaction, service quality, and customer value: years 2000-2015.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,29(1), 2-29. Padilla-Melndez, A., Garrido-Moreno, A. (2014). Customer relationship management in hotels: Examining critical success factors.Current Issues in Tourism,17(5), 387-396. Peir-Signes, A., Segarra-Oa, M. D. V., Verma, R., Mondjar-Jimnez, J., Vargas-Vargas, M. (2014). The impact of environmental certification on hotel guest ratings.Cornell Hospitality Quarterly,55(1), 40-51. Pizam, A., Pizam, A., Shapoval, V., Shapoval, V., Ellis, T., Ellis, T. (2016). Customer satisfaction and its measurement in hospitality enterprises: a revisit and update.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,28(1), 2-35. Prasad, K., Wirtz, P. W., Yu, L. (2014). Measuring hotel guest satisfaction by using an online quality management system.Journal of Hospitality Marketing Management,23(4), 445-463. Xiang, Z., Schwartz, Z., Gerdes, J. H., Uysal, M. (2015). What can big data and text analytics tell us about hotel guest experience and satisfaction?.International Journal of Hospitality Management,44, 120-130. Yang, Y., Luo, H., Law, R. (2014). Theoretical, empirical, and operational models in hotel location research.International Journal of Hospitality Management,36, 209-220. Zhou, L., Ye, S., Pearce, P. L., Wu, M. Y. (2014). Refreshing hotel satisfaction studies by reconfiguring customer review data.International Journal of Hospitality Management,38, 1-10. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-71008026910053097142019-12-01T17:42:00.001-08:002019-12-01T17:42:04.388-08:00Legalizing Medical Marijuana free essay sample Legalizing Medical Marijuana The debate over whether to legalize marijuana has been one of the most controversial issues dividing courts, the federal government, state governments, and voters. In 1996, Arizona and California voters overwhelmingly approved the legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes. Propositions 200 and 215 represented a dramatic shift from a previously united federal and state front against illegal drugs to one where state governments and voters are now at odds with the federal government over the medical use of controlled substances. Rather than focusing on how to improve and maintain the long-standing war on drugs, the policy issue has now become; who controls Americaââ¬â¢s drug laws, courts, the federal government, state governments, or the voters? In addition, the legalization of marijuana poses other questions; does legalizing marijuana undermine the seemingly endless federal war on drugs by moving towards greater tolerance of marijuana and other drugs? Is more research necessary to determine the benefits or hazardous effects of marijuana? Would legalizing marijuana open the floodgates to legalizing other controlled substances such as heroin or LSD? This paper analyzes and examines. We will write a custom essay sample on Legalizing Medical Marijuana or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The history of marijuana legalization and prohibition. The arguments for and against legalizing marijuana. This paper concludes by recommending that before marijuana is legalized for medical use there needs to be more testing to improve our knowledge and understanding of marijuana. The first recorded use of marijuana as medicine was in a Chinese pharmacopoeia in 2727 B. C. The cornerstone of drug prohibition in the United States was the Harrison Narcotic Act of 1914 which restricted the use of opiates such as cocaine, heroin, and morphine to medical purposes (Trebach and Inciardi, p. 3). In the United States, marijuana was legal until the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 established the federal prohibition of the drug. (Grinspoon; Trebach and Inciardi). Had marijuana not been removed from the list of drugs in the United States Pharmacopoeia in 1937, it would have been grand fathered into the Comprehensive Drug Abuse and Control Act as a prescription drug, just as cocaine and morphine were. (Grinspoon). As a result of the tremendous increase in the number of recreational drug users and a more liberalized political climate, marijuana medicinal uses were rediscovered in the 1970s. In the later 1970s and 1980s, marijuana was medically used by hundreds of patients (mainly in the form of synthetic tetrahydrocannabinol) in research projects conducted by several states for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy. (Grinspoon). Likewise, in 1976, the federal government approved the use of marijuana as a medicine by instituting the Compassionate Investigational New Drug program (CIND), under which physicians could obtain an Investigational New Drug application (IND) for a patient to receive marijuana. (Grinspoon). However, this program was so filled with and bureaucratically overburdened that in the course of history only about three dozen individuals ever received marijuana. One argument in favor of legalization is that marijuana provides several medical benefits for individuals suffering from asthma, cancer, glaucoma, migraine headaches, multiple sclerosis, and other symptoms and syndromes. (Grinspoon, p. 1). First, marijuana is remarkably non-toxic as evidenced by the fact that there has never been a reported death caused by marijuana overdose. Grinspoon, p. 1). In addition, marijuanaââ¬â¢s long-term and short-term effects (i. e. , increased appetite, increased memory loss/slowed memory function, etc. ) are relatively inconsequential compared to medicines for which marijuana may be substituted. (Grinspoon, p. 1). Next, once patients no longer have to pay the prohibition tariff, marijuana will be less expensive than the medications it replaces. (Grinspoon, p. 1). Finally, marijuana is remarkably versatile; case histories and clinical evidence suggests it is useful in the treatment of over two dozen symptoms and syndromes, and others will undoubtedly be discovered in the future. (Grinspoon, p. 1). Another argument in favor of legalization is that there are many activities that are considered integral parts of daily life that are more lethal than marijuana. In order to support this contention, proponents note that in the United States, tobacco alone kills over 430,000, alcohol 110,000, prescription drugs 32,000, and aspirin and Tylenol 7,600 yearly. http://my. marijuana. com, p. 1). By contrast, all illegal drugs combined, including, amphetamines, cocaine, ecstasy, GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate), heroin, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), marijuana, mescaline, PCP (phencyclidine), and psilocybin (magic) mushrooms killed approximately 11,000 in 1999. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 1). In addition, proponents contend that prohibition has not been sho wn to have a measurable impact on the demand for drugs in general. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 2). Countries such as Italy, Portugal, and Spain, have decriminalized the use of all drugs, including cocaine and heroin, and offer government subsidized programs to assist those addicted to hard drugs such as heroin, providing them with doctor supervised locations to ingest their drugs. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 2). Likewise, the Netherlands has legalized soft drugs including marijuana and magic mushrooms. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 2). The result of these programs has been lower drug addiction, death, and use rates. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 2). Proponents of legalization contend that by preventing valid manufacturers from making these products, prohibition increases the dangers associated with drug use by preventing regulation, and forcing drug users to buy products which have no guarantee of dosage or purity. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 2). In addition, proponents contend that prohibition increases street violence by forcing the sale of drugs to the black market, which encourages the formation of organized crime in order to distribute and manufacture these substances under the control of a group of individuals. http://my. marijuana. com, p. 2). Laws are structured in order to punish adults more heavily than minors, and due to this, minors are enlisted by these organized crime units, provided with guns or other weapons, and used to sell or transport these drugs, with the knowledge that if they are caught, they will not be as heavily punished. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 2). This increase in violence and the focus on c riminalizing drug use has resulted in the criminal justice system being overloaded. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 2). Non-violent drug offenders make up 58% of the federal prison population according to the ACLU. In addition, mandatory minimum sentencing laws and laws such as Californiaââ¬â¢s Three Strikes law are unfairly distributed, jailing some for life, simply for selling a chemical which the buyer freely chooses to ingest, making it a harsher crime to participate in a consensual act than to commit second degree murder. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 3). Proponents of legalization also contend that the war on drugs presents an immense monetary drain on the United States economy. http://my. marijuana. com, p. 4). For example, in 2000, the Clinton administration spent more than $17. 9 billion on the war on drugs. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 4). By comparison, the president is requested $4. 5 billion in discretionary appropriations for the Department of Education in the fiscal year 2002. (Dept. Of Ed. ). In short, the United States is spending 40% as much on fighting the drug war as it is on educating for the next generation. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 4). Finally, proponents of legalization contend that prohibition is causing the government to miss out on an opportunity to raise an incredible amount of tax revenue. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. 4). The international illicit drug business generates as much as $400 billion in trade annually according to the United Nations International Drug Control Program, which amounts to 8% of all international trade and is comparable to the annual turnover in textiles. (http://my. marijuana. com, p. ). Legalizing marijuana and taxing its sale would allow the government to use this money to improve and pay for drug treatment programs, health care, homeless shelters, and schools. Legalization would not only eliminate the $18 billion per year spent fighting the drug war, but would in turn raise at least $40 billion per year in tax revenue, if one assumes a mild 10% tax on the drug trade, a number nearly equivalent to the entire United States education budget. (http://my. marijuana. om, p. 4). While pr oponents of legalization contend that marijuana provides several medical benefits, there is no concrete, convincing scientific evidence that marijuana offers benefits that patients cannot obtain from approved prescription drugs such as Marinol. However, patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy or suffering from multiple sclerosis report fewer side-effects with marijuana than with regular drugs. (http://www. cnn. com/health/9702/weed. wars/issues/focus/index. html, p. 4). Although the American Medical Association and other official medical groups oppose medical marijuana, a 1991 survey found 44% of oncologists had suggested use of marijuana to treat nausea associated with chemotherapy. (http://www. cnn. com/health/9702/weed. wars/issues/focus/index. html, p. 4). Thus, before marijuana may be approved as a prescription drug, clinical trials to gauge its therapeutic effect upon pain must be conducted. (http://www. cnn. com/health/9702/weed. wars/issues/focus/index. html, p. 4). Another argument opposing legalization is that marijuana is a (gateway) drug and that legalizing it will only encourage more individuals to try it. However, like the argument that providing high school students with condoms and sex education will inspire teenagers to become sexually active, this argument is logically flawed. If an individual wishes to try marijuana or to have premarital sex, he or she will not be deterred from doing so simply because it is illegal. Finally, opponents of legalization contend that medical marijuana laws are overbroad, i. . , Californiaââ¬â¢s Proposition 215 is written in such a way that almost any ailment or pain could be construed as justification for the use of marijuana and also allows for the cultivation of marijuana, not just possession. (http://www. cnn. com/health/9702/weed. wars/issues/focus/index. html, p. 3). In addition, Arizonaââ¬â¢s Proposition 200 goes beyond marijuana, which is often viewed as a soft drug by both opponents and prop onents of legalization, and empowers doctors to prescribe narcotics such as heroin and LSD if they see fit. (http://www. cnn. om/health/9702/weed. wars/issues/focus/index. html, p. 3). Although there are many arguments in favor of legalizing marijuana, more clinical and laboratory research is necessary to improve our knowledge and understanding of marijuana. First, we need to know how many patients and which patients with each symptom or syndrome are likely to find marijuana more effective than existing drugs. Next, more information is required about marijuanaââ¬â¢s effect on the immune system in immunologically impaired patients, and its interaction with other medications. Finally, if and when marijuana is legalized, there should be a uniform distribution and enforcement system in place between federal and state governments to regulate who may obtain marijuana, its accepted uses, and quality control mechanisms. References Grinspoon, Lester. Medical Marihuana in a Time of Prohibition. International Journal of Drug Policy, April, 1999. Trebach, Arnold S. and Inciardi, James A. Legalize It? Debating American Drug Policy. The American University Press, Washington, DC. 1993. http://my. marijuana. com http://www. cnn. com/health/9702/weed. wars/issues/focus/index. html Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-90667996838565276112019-11-26T19:05:00.001-08:002019-11-26T19:05:03.082-08:00Free Essays on PrintersPrinters In 1953, the first high-speed printer was developed by Remington-Rand for use on the Univac computer. In 1938, Chester Carlson invented a dry printing process called electrophotography commonly called a Xerox, the foundation technology for laser printers to come. The original laser printer called EARS was developed at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center beginning in 1969 and completed in November, 1971. Xerox Engineer, Gary Starkweather adapted Xerox copier technology adding a laser beam to it to come up with the laser printer. According to Xerox, "The Xerox 9700 Electronic Printing System, the first xerographic laser printer product, was released in 1977. The 9700, a direct descendent from the original PARC "EARS" printer which pioneered in laser scanning optics, character generation electronics, and page-formatting software, was the first product on the market to be enabled by PARC research." According to IBM, "the very first IBM 3800 was installed in the central accounting office at F. W. Woolworthââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢s North American data center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1976." The IBM 3800 Printing System was the industryââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢s first high-speed, laser printer. A laser printer that operated at speeds of more than 100 impressions-per-minute. It was the first printer to combine laser technology and electrophotography according to IBM. In 1992, Hewlett-Packard released the popular LaserJet 4, the first 600 by 600 dots per inch resolution laser printer. In 1976, the inkjet printer was invented, but it took until 1988 for the inkjet to become a home consumer item with Hewlett-Parkard's release of the DeskJet inkjet printer, priced at a whopping $1000. Printer Technology By: EH Since the introduction of computers into our society, there have been countless advancements in this technology. One of the most frequently used output devices in the computer system is the printer. Like all other components of the computer, this p... Free Essays on Printers Free Essays on Printers Printers In 1953, the first high-speed printer was developed by Remington-Rand for use on the Univac computer. In 1938, Chester Carlson invented a dry printing process called electrophotography commonly called a Xerox, the foundation technology for laser printers to come. The original laser printer called EARS was developed at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center beginning in 1969 and completed in November, 1971. Xerox Engineer, Gary Starkweather adapted Xerox copier technology adding a laser beam to it to come up with the laser printer. According to Xerox, "The Xerox 9700 Electronic Printing System, the first xerographic laser printer product, was released in 1977. The 9700, a direct descendent from the original PARC "EARS" printer which pioneered in laser scanning optics, character generation electronics, and page-formatting software, was the first product on the market to be enabled by PARC research." According to IBM, "the very first IBM 3800 was installed in the central accounting office at F. W. Woolworthââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢s North American data center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1976." The IBM 3800 Printing System was the industryââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢s first high-speed, laser printer. A laser printer that operated at speeds of more than 100 impressions-per-minute. It was the first printer to combine laser technology and electrophotography according to IBM. In 1992, Hewlett-Packard released the popular LaserJet 4, the first 600 by 600 dots per inch resolution laser printer. In 1976, the inkjet printer was invented, but it took until 1988 for the inkjet to become a home consumer item with Hewlett-Parkard's release of the DeskJet inkjet printer, priced at a whopping $1000. Printer Technology By: EH Since the introduction of computers into our society, there have been countless advancements in this technology. One of the most frequently used output devices in the computer system is the printer. Like all other components of the computer, this p... Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-12519931783351069522019-11-23T02:39:00.001-08:002019-11-23T02:39:03.102-08:00The Story of How Canada Got Its NameThe Story of How Canada Got Its Name The name Canada comes from kanata, the Iroquois-Huron word for village or settlement. The Iroquoisà used the word to describe the village of Stadacona, present-day Quebec City. During his second voyage to New Franceà in 1535, French explorer Jacques Cartier sailed up the Saint Lawrence River for the first time. The Iroquois pointed him in the direction of kanata, the village at Stadacona, which Cartier misinterpreted as a reference toà both the village of Stadacona and the wider area subject to Donnacona, the Stadacona Iroquois chief. During Cartiers 1535 trip, the French established along the Saint Lawrence the colony of Canada, the first colony in what the French called New France. Use of Canada gained prominence from there.à The Name Canada Takes Hold (1535 to the 1700s) By 1545, European books and maps had begun referring to this small region along theà Saint Lawrence Riverà as Canada. By 1547, maps were showing the name Canada as everything north of the St. Lawrence River. Cartier referred to the St. Lawrence River as la rivià ¨re du Canadaà (the river of Canada),à and the name began to take hold. Even though the French called the region New France, by 1616 the entire area along the great river of Canada and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence was still called Canada. As the country expanded to the west and the south in the 1700s, Canada was the unofficial name of an area spanning the American Midwest, extending as far south as what is now the state of Louisiana. After the British conquered New France in 1763, the colonyà was renamedà the Province of Quebec. Then, as British loyalists headed north during and after the American Revolutionary War, Quebec was divided into two parts. Canada Becomes Official In 1791, the Constitutional Act, also called the Canada Act, divided the Province of Quebec into the colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. This marked the first official use of the name Canada. In 1841, the two Quebecsà were united again, this time as the Province of Canada. On July 1, 1867, Canadaà was adopted as the legal name for the new country of Canada upon its confederation. On that date, the Confederation Convention formally combined the Province of Canada, which included Quebec and Ontario, with Nova Scotia and New Brunswick as one Dominion under the name of Canada. This produced the physical configuration of modern Canada, which is today the second largest country in the world by area (after Russia).à July 1 is still celebrated as Canada Day. Other Names Considered for Canada Canada wasnt the only name considered for the new dominion, although it was ultimately chosen by unanimous vote at the Confederation Convention.à Several other names were suggested for the northern half of the North American continent leading up to confederation, some of which were later repurposed elsewhere in the country. The list included Anglia (a medieval Latin name for England), Albertsland, Albionora, Borealia, Britannia, Cabotia, Colonia, and Efisga, an acronym for the first letters of the countriesà England, France, Ireland, Scotland, Germany, with the A for Aboriginal. Other names floated for consideration were Hochelaga, Laurentia (a geological name for part of North America), Norland, Superior, Transatlantia, Victorialand and Tuponia, an acrostic for The United Provinces of North America. This is how the Canadian government remembers the name debate on ââ¬â¹Canada.ca: The debate was placed in perspective by Thomas Dââ¬â¢Arcy McGee, who declared on February 9, 1865: ââ¬Å"I read in one newspaper not less than a dozen attempts to derive a new name. One individual chooses Tuponia and another Hochelaga as a suitable name for the new nationality. Now I ask any honourable member of this House how he would feel if he woke up some fine morning and found himself instead of a Canadian, a Tuponian or a Hochelagander.â⬠Fortunately for posterity, McGeeââ¬â¢s wit and reasoningââ¬âalong with common senseââ¬âprevailed... The Dominion of Canada Dominion became part of the name instead of kingdom as a clear reference that Canada was under British rule but still its own separate entity. After World War II, as Canada became more autonomous, the full name Dominion of Canada was used less and less. The countrys name was officially changed to Canada inà 1982à when the Canada Act was passed, and its been known by that name ever since. The Fully Independent Canada Canada did not become fully independent from Britain until 1982 whenà its constitution was patriated under the Constitution Act of 1982, or the Canada Act, The act essentially transferred the countrys highest law, the British North America Act, from the authority of the British Parliament- a connection from the colonial past- toà Canadasà federal and provincial legislatures. The document contains theà original statute that established theà Canadian Confederationà in 1867 (the Britishà North Americaà Act),à amendmentsà that the British Parliament made to it over the years, and Canadas Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the result of fierce negotiations between the federal and provincial governments that set down basic rights ranging from freedom of religion to linguistic and educational rights based on the test of numbers. Through it all, the name Canada has remained. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-53164634828078749612019-11-21T04:00:00.001-08:002019-11-21T04:00:08.767-08:00Selective Incorporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsSelective Incorporation - Essay Example Selective incorporation has been applied in numerous instances to protect and uphold human rights especially in a criminal proceeding. This was done during the tenure of chief justice Earl Warren when the rights enjoyed by the criminal defendants were expanded. For example, in the case of Gideon v Wainwright, the defendant was accused of breaking into bay harbor pool hall and stealing cigarette change from the vending machines.Though Gideon requested a lawyer to be appointed by the states, the state of Florida declined, stating that this can only be done in capital offenses. However, the Supreme Court ruled that the 14th amendment allowed all defendants to access the services of an attorney. This right, as stated in the sixth amendment of the constitution was meant to protect the rights of the accused and ensure the provision of free trails. The Miranda v Arizona established the principle of equal access to legal representation during a trial and the determination was based on select ive incorporation. Failure to inform a suspect of his right during arrest constitutes legal subjugation of their legal rights as contained in the first 8 amendments and the 14th amendment of the United States Constitution. The 5th amendment of the united states indicates that a suspect has a right to remain silent during arrest as any pronouncement made can be used against them in the determination of the case.The sixth amendment indicates that a legal counsel must represent suspects during the determination of their cases. Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-16806109956874695742019-11-19T16:30:00.001-08:002019-11-19T16:30:02.748-08:00How did the economic development of the Gilded age affect American EssayHow did the economic development of the Gilded age affect American Freedom - Essay Example It entailed a notion that such approach to spontaneous progress determines allocation of power and social security. In this regard, reformists of the period were led to conceive that potential peril exists with the significant concern that as a response to it, people of the lower class may act in tumultuous aggression in exercising their democratic right over to suppress individual economic growth thinking that liberty of acquisition of rights to property (Foner), particularly with those who could afford, would only emphasize inequality among social divisions and thus create on appropriating amount of common interests. Progression of economic development enabled Americans to adapt to the concept and application of ââ¬ËSocial Darwinismââ¬â¢ in their everyday living since the competition to acquire relative or higher advantage in upgrading social and economic status in American society had apparently become essential. With the rapidly growing rate of capital formation, GDP, and wages (Gilded), this condition concretized the effect of social freedom and transformation across vast critical regions of societies in U.S. in which most citizens began expressing individual or collective views by putting up labor unions that served to oppose severely improper conditions, shift schedules, loads, and unjust wages at work. Democracy was put in wide and intense practice of articulating protest with the desire to take part in the evolving process of industrial growth. In this endeavor, they sought to be assured as well of experiencing freedom from any form of injustice or oppression of employers who were p redictably consumed by the principle of capitalism or profit-orientation for use in business that required irrational gravity of labor at the expense of either skilled or unskilled workers (Gilded). Since Social Darwinism in human society advocates natural selection without interference from the government, the ensuing crisis with inequality due to the fast rate Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-5979910977749695102019-11-17T05:01:00.001-08:002019-11-17T05:01:03.929-08:00Ashford University Essay Example for Free Ashford University Essay Pornography is very addictive and can destroy someoneââ¬â¢s marriage and life. This addiction can, and in many cases, lead to someone committing very serious sexual crimes. People who look at porn often look for more perversity in different areas. The resources from which I found my information on is the Ashford Library and a couple credible internet sites. There are several reasons why people turn to porn. Some reasons are for seeing their own fantasies acted out because they canââ¬â¢t act them out with their own partner / spouse, some people want to avoid intimacy within their own relationship for personal reasons, some just do it for personal pleasure. But for whatever reason, there is always a consequence that will follow. According to the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers (AAML), 56% of divorces occur because one spouse keeps returning to a pornographic website. These men / women feel as though they are being compared to these people in the pornographic films or pictures. Whether itââ¬â¢s the man or the woman who is watching porn inside the marriage, in most cases, they are doing this against their spouses wishes. This leads to lack of intimacy, low self esteem, shame, and lack of trust. This also makes the spouse feel as if they are no longer found attractive. ââ¬Å"Just ask your spouse how confident they feel being naked in front of you after youââ¬â¢ve looked at pornography and youââ¬â¢ll understand this one.â⬠( http://www.debttolife.com ). Many people say that they introduce porn into their marriage to spice their love life up but in the end all this does is slowly destroy the intimacy that was there. After watching pornography peopleââ¬â¢s views are completely changed. After being exposed to R-à rated material men no longer see their spouse as they once did. They look at them now more as an object rather than an individual that they love. Studies have shown (http://www.webmd.com ) that pornography can be just the same as an addiction. Some experts who have studied porn addiction have called the effects of porn on the brain toxic and also compared it to the deadly drug cocaine (WebMD, 2014). These addicts no longer just suffer from nights without sleep or unpaid credit card bills but they are also becoming more engaged in group sex and sexual contact with animals. Other effects that have surfaced from pornography include acting out what they have seen in porn material, sexual acts towards children both boys and girls, and rape using foreign materials / objects. (The Forerunner, 1991). Child pornography is a disgusting fact that we hear about every day. ââ¬Å"Child pornography is the visual depiction of sexually explicit conduct includes acts such as intercourse, bestiality and masturbation as well as lascivious exhibition of the genitals or pubic area.â⬠(Pulido, 2013). Recently, there were 71 people, 70 men and 1 woman, who were arrested in child pornography charges. Among that 70 included a police officer, a paramedic, a rabbi, an airline pilot, an architect, and a Boy Scout leader. Many of these people who were arrest had search the phrases ââ¬Å"real child rapeâ⬠and ââ¬Å"family sexâ⬠into their computers search engines turning up extremely disturbing images (Hays, 2014). With so many people connected to the internet it has made this type of crime so easy. Perverts and pedophiles search the web everyday to find new victims. ââ¬Å"The victims are getting younger, and the images more violent.â⬠(Flack). When a picture of a child circles the internet going from one person to another, that child is being re-abused. No child should have to endear that type of suffering, never! A peer to ââ¬â peer, also known as P2P, file sharing network, that allows people to share music, videos, and pictures, was under investigation by authorizes and had 3,000 child pornography consumers with tens of thousands of child pornographic imagesà traded. ââ¬Å"The investigation began after agents, using software available to law enforcement, were able to trace f iles of child pornography to an I.P. address on a computer used by Brian Fanelli, 54, who until January was the police chief of Mount Pleasant, N.Yâ⬠(Berger, 2014). Another, earlier, report back in 2009, out of all the arrest made on P2P users, 33 percent of those arrested had images of children three years old and younger and 42 percent had images of children showing some type of sexual explicit material. (Pulido, 2013). Virtue Ethics is ââ¬Å"A persons character is the totality of his character traits. Our character traits can be good, bad or somewhere in between. They can be admirable or not. The admirable character traits, the marks of perfection in character, are called virtues, their opposites are vices.â⬠(Garrett, 2005)., I believe that this theory is a big part of someone who is willing to put everything at risk for something so degrading and disrespectful to themselves. A persons character says a lot about who that person is and what that person may be capable of doing. Not everyone has good virtue ethics and this is when oneââ¬â¢s character and moral traits come in play. Oneââ¬â¢s character is shown through their actions an d behavior, whether this is being good or bad. Oneââ¬â¢s moral values are shown through their honesty, their loyalty, and their respect for others. As we all know pornography is very popular but it can also cause serious problems. Many people look at the disturbing images not thinking about the consequences, they are only thinking about what is happening at that moment and at that moment thatââ¬â¢s what they want to do. I look at this issue using the deontology theory. ââ¬Å"Rather than looking at the consequences of an act, deontology looks at the reason for which an act is done, and the rule according to which one chooses to act.â⬠(Mosser, 2013). I take that as someone doing something on impulse rather than thinking about the consequences that they will face when they act upon their decision. If someone knew that they was going to destroy their marriage by watching porn, if someone knew that by watching porn it would make them fall behind on their bills, orà if someone knew that by watching porn they would go out and commit sexual crimes, do you think they would have continued or even started looking at these image s, I think not! REFERENCES: Berger, J. (2014, May).71 Are Accused in a Child Pornography Case, Officials Say. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/22/nyregion/dozens-arrested-in-new-york-state-child-pornography-investigation.html?_r=0 Dr. Garrett. (2005, Nov.) Virtue Ethcs. Retrieved from http://people.wku.edu/jan.garrett/ethics/virtthry.htm Editorial Staff. (1991, Nov.). The Documented Effect of Porn. The Forerunner, X(VI). Retrieved from http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0388_Effects_of_Pornograp.html Flack, (Date, N/A)E. Bill Calls For Harsher Penalties For Possessing Child Porn. Retrieved from http://www.wave3.com/story/4639194/bill-calls-for-harsher-penalties-for-possessing-child-porn Hays, T. (2014, May). Cop, rabbi among 71 charged in child porn case. Telegraph Herald Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1527156210?accountid=32521 Mosser, K. (2013). Ethics and social responsibility (2nd ed.). San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Pulido, Ph.D. (Oct, 201 3). Child Pornography: Basic Facts About A Horrific Crime. Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mary-l-pulido-phd/child-pornography-basic-f_b_4094430.html Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6717087639895768775.post-75433493083332841072019-11-14T17:32:00.001-08:002019-11-14T17:32:04.958-08:00Symbolism in ?Young Goodman Brown? Essay -- essays research papers ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brown,â⬠by Nathanial Hawthorne, is the story of one manââ¬â¢s journey to find himself. In it, Hawthorne uses many elements as symbols to add significance throughout the chronicle. The author does a good job of portraying some of the people and objects with symbols and allows the story to become more developed. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses many people as symbols throughout "Young Goodman Brown," but the roles that are most symbolic are those of Goodman Brown and his wife Faith. Both of the characters' names are symbolic of their personalities. Goodman is truly a ââ¬Å"good man.â⬠Goodman Brown states, ââ¬Å"With Heaven above and Faith below, I will stand firm against the devilâ⬠(322). This shows that he is a good religious man with a lot of faith in God.... Julissa Haileyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06060542901022964685noreply@blogger.com0